Flexibility Reserve Reductions from an Energy Imbalance Market with High Levels of Wind Energy in the Western Interconnection

Technical Report · Sat Oct 01 04:00:00 EDT 2011

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/1028530· OSTI ID:1028530

King, J.; Kirby, B.; Milligan, Michael; Beuning, S.

The anticipated increase in variable generation in the Western Interconnection (WI) over the next several years has raised concerns about how to maintain system balance, especially in smaller Balancing Areas (BAs). Given renewable portfolio standards in the West, it is possible that more than 50 gigawatts (GW) of wind capacity will be installed by 2020. Significant quantities of solar generationare likely to be added as well. The consequent increase in variability and uncertainty that must be managed by the conventional generation fleet and responsive load make it attractive to consider ways in which Balancing Area Authorities (BAAs) can pool their variability and response resources, thus taking advantage of geographic and temporal diversity to increase overall operational efficiency.Our analysis considers several alternative forms of an Energy Imbalance Market (EIM) that have been proposed in the non-market areas of the WI. The proposed EIM includes two changes in operating practices that independently reduce variability and increase access to responsive resources: BAA cooperation and sub-hourly dispatch. As proposed, the EIM does not consider any form of coordinated unitcommitment; however, over time it is possible that BAAs would develop formal or informal coordination plans. This report examines the benefits of several possible EIM implementations, both separately and in concert.

• Research Organization: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Wind and Water Power Program
• DOE Contract Number: AC36-08GO28308
• OSTI ID: 1028530
• Report Number(s): NREL/TP-5500-52330
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

17 WIND ENERGY
Bonneville Power Administration
British Columbia Transmission Corporation
CAPACITY
California independent system operator
Columbia grid
EFFICIENCY
FLEXIBILITY
MARKET
New England
WIND POWER
WIND TURBINES
Western Interconnection
balancing authority areas
demand-side management
energy imbalance markets
independent system operators
variable generation
wind capacity
wind energy
wind turbines