Fundamental aspects of dioxin (PCDD) and furan (PCDF) from combustion. Final report
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, NY (United States)
Formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) was investigated in a spouted bed combustor and in a low temperature fly ash reactor using plausible precursors. Combustion of chlorinated benzenes and chlorinated phenols yielded measurable quantities comparable in some instances to those observed in incinerators of PCDD/F as well as of many chlorinated benzene (CB) and chlorinated phenol (CP) isomers. In the absence of fly ash, the dominant PCDD appears to be OCDD (octa-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) favoring a gas phase mechanism. However, there is also evidence that the tetra-through-octa congeners of PCDD and PCDF were formed from the combustion of 1,2-dichlorobenzene. If this finding can be confirmed, it would agree with initial modeling results. Extensive work was done to establish the baseline performance of the combustor. A few experiments with a solid fuel, RDF (refuse-derived fuel) showed that PCDD/F could be readily formed; 1,2-dichlorobenzene and RDF produced similar distribution of chlorobenzene isomers. Separate studies in a fly ash reactor indicated that such diverse reactants as carbon and 1,2-dichlorobenzene can be precursors. When combustion products were passed over fly ash at low temperatures ({approximately}300 {degrees}C), PCDD and PCDF`s were also found. Modeling studies showed that drastic adjustments in model parameters were required to reconcile laboratory and incinerator findings.
- Research Organization:
- New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, Albany, NY (United States); Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, Albany, NY (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 10177692
- Report Number(s):
- NYSERDA--92-3; ON: TI92040380; IN: 858-ERER-MW-87
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400800
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540120
CHEMICAL REACTION YIELD
CHEMICAL REACTORS
CHEMICALS MONITORING AND TRANSPORT
COMBUSTION
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
COMBUSTION, PYROLYSIS, AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE CHEMISTRY
COMBUSTORS
DIOXIN
FLY ASH
FURANS
INCINERATORS
MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
MUNICIPAL WASTES
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
PHENOLS
PROGRESS REPORT
REFUSE DERIVED FUELS