Metal ion sorption by untreated and chemically treated biomass

Technical Report · Thu Dec 31 04:00:00 EST 1992

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/10177371· OSTI ID:10177371

Kilbane, J J; Xie, J

The metal-binding ability of biosorbents is well known; however, in comparison with commercial ion-exchange resins the capacity of biosorbents is low. The purpose of this research was to examine chemically modified biosorbents and biosorbents prepared from microorganisms isolated from extreme environments to determine if significant improvements in metal-binding capacity or biosorbents with unique capabilities could be produced. Chemical treatments examined included acid, alkali, carbon disulfide, phosphorus oxychloride, anhydrous formamide, sodium thiosulfate, sodium chloroacetic acid, and phenylsulfonate. Biosorbents were prepared from microorganisms isolated from pristine and acid mine drainage impacted sites and included heterotrophs, methanotrophs, algae, and sulfate reducers. Chemical modification with carbon disulfide, phosphorous oxychloride, and sodium thiosulfate yielded biosorbents with such as much as 74%, 133%, and 155% improvements, respectively, in metal-binding capacity, but the performance of these chemically modified biosorbents deteriorated upon repeated use. A culture isolated from an acid mine drainage impacted site, IGTM17, exhibits about 3-fold higher metal-binding capacity in comparison with other biosorbents examined in this study. IGTM17 also exhibits superior metal-binding ability at decreased pH or in the presence of interfering common cations in comparison with other biosorbents or some commercially available cation exchange resins. Some biosorbents, such as IGTM5, can bind anions. To our knowledge this is the first demonstration of the ability of biosorbents to bind anions. Moreover, preliminary data indicate that the chemical modification of biosorbents may be capable of imparting the ability to selectively bind certain anions. Further research is needed to optimize conditions for the chemical modification and stabilization of biosorbents.

• Research Organization: Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, IL (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, IL (United States)
• OSTI ID: 10177371
• Report Number(s): CONF-920961--2; ON: TI94017668
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

09 BIOMASS FUELS
099000
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
320305
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540320
ALGAE
ANIONS
BIOADSORBENTS
BIOMASS
CADMIUM
CHEMICALS MONITORING AND TRANSPORT
CHROMATES
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
INDUSTRIAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
METHANOTROPHIC BACTERIA
MOLYBDATES
PERFORMANCE TESTING
PRODUCTS AND BY-PRODUCTS
REMOVAL
SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA
TUNGSTATES