Evaluation of the graphite electrode DC arc furnace for the treatment of INEL buried wastes

Technical Report · Tue Jun 01 04:00:00 EDT 1993

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/10176810· OSTI ID:10176810

Surma, J E; Freeman, C J; Powell, T D ^[1]; Cohn, D R; Smatlak, D L; Thomas, P; Woskov, P P ^[2]; Hamilton, R A; Titus, C H; Wittle, J K ^[3]

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1. Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)
2. Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA (US). Plasma Fusion Center
3. Electro-Pyrolysis, Inc., Wayne, PA (US)

The past practices of DOE and its predecessor agencies in burying radioactive and hazardous wastes have left DOE with the responsibility of remediating large volumes of buried wastes and contaminated soils. The Buried Waste Integrated Demonstration (BWID), has chosen to evaluate treatment of buried wastes at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL). Because of the characteristics of the buried wastes, the potential for using high-temperature thermal treatment technologies is being evaluated. The soil-waste mixture at INEL, when melted or vitrified, produces a glass/ceramic referred to as iron-enriched basalt (IEB). One potential problem with producing the IEB material is the high melting temperature of the waste and soil (1,400-1,600{degrees}C). One technology that has demonstrated capabilities to process high melting point materials is the plasma arc heated furnace. A three-party program was initiated and the program involved testing an engineering-scale DC arc furnace to gain preliminary operational and waste processibility information. It also included the design, fabrication, and evaluation of a second-generation, pilot-scale graphite electrode DC arc furnace. Widely ranging simulants of INEL buried waste were prepared and processed in the Mark I furnace. The tests included melting of soils with metals, sludges, combustibles, and simulated drums. Very promising results in terms of waste product quality, volume reduction, heating efficiency, and operational reliability and versatility were obtained. The results indicate that the graphite electrode DC arc technology would be very well suited for treating high melting point wastes such as those found at INEL. The graphite electrode DC arc furnace has been demonstrated to be very simple, yet effective, with excellent prospects for remote or semi-remote operation.

• Research Organization: Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
• DOE Contract Number: AC06-76RL01830
• OSTI ID: 10176810
• Report Number(s): PNL--8525; ON: DE93017942
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

052001
12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540250
ARC FURNACES
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
CONTAINERS
DESIGN
EFFICIENCY
ELECTRODES
EXHAUST GASES
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FABRICATION
GAS ANALYSIS
GRAPHITE
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
IDAHO NATIONAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
MELTING POINTS
METALS
OPERATION
PARTICULATES
PERFORMANCE TESTING
PLASMA
RADIOACTIVE WASTE PROCESSING
RADIOACTIVE WASTES
REMEDIAL ACTION
SAMPLING
SIMULATION
SITE RESOURCE AND USE STUDIES
SLUDGES
SOILS
VITRIFICATION
VOLATILE MATTER
WASTE PROCESSING