Pressurized fluidized-bed hydroretorting of eastern oil shales. Volume 3, Task 4, Beneficiation research: Final report, September 1987--May 1991
The Mineral Resources Institute at the University of Alabama, along with investigators from the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Nevada Reno, have conducted a research program on the beneficiation of Eastern oil shales. The objective of the research program was to evaluate and adapt those new and emerging technologies that have the potential to improve the economics of recovering oil from Eastern oil shales. The technologies evaluated in this program can be grouped into three areas: fine grinding, kerogen/mineral matter separation, and waste treatment and disposal. Four subtasks were defined in the area of fine grinding. They were as follows: Ultrasonic Grinding, Pressure Cycle Comminution, Stirred Ball Mill Grinding, and Grinding Circuit Optimization. The planned ultrasonic grinding research was terminated when the company that had contracted to do the research failed. Three technologies for effecting a separation of kerogen from its associated mineral matter were evaluated: column flotation, the air-sparged hydrocyclone, and the LICADO process. Column flotation proved to be the most, effective means of making the kerogen/mineral matter separation. An investigation of waste treatment and disposal was conducted at the University of Alabama. Both liquid (water) and solid (tailings) wastes were investigated. Ion exchange and sulfide precipitation both proved to be effective in removing dissolved ions from tailing water. No problems are expected in the disposal of oil shale tailings. It is assumed that the tailings will be placed in a sealed pond and the water recycled to the plant as is the normal practice. It may be advantageous, however, to conduct further research on the recovery of metals as by-products and to assess the market for tailings as an ingredient in cement making.
- Research Organization:
- Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC21-87MC11089
- OSTI ID:
- 10169805
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/MC/11089--3094-Vol.3; ON: DE92001285
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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