Comparison of Cyclooxygenase-1 Crystal Structures: Cross-Talk between Monomers Comprising Cyclooxygenase-1 Homodimers
- Michigan
Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthases (PGHSs)-1 and -2 (also called cyclooxygenases (COXs)-1 and -2) catalyze the committed step in prostaglandin biosynthesis. Both isoforms are targets of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). PGHSs are homodimers that exhibit half-of-sites COX activity; moreover, some NSAIDs cause enzyme inhibition by binding only one monomer. To learn more about the cross-talk that must be occurring between the monomers comprising each PGHS-1 dimer, we analyzed structures of PGHS-1 crystallized under five different conditions including in the absence of any tightly binding ligand and in the presence of nonspecific NSAIDs and of a COX-2 inhibitor. When crystallized with substoichiometric amounts of an NSAID, both monomers are often fully occupied with inhibitor; thus, the enzyme prefers to crystallize in a fully occupied form. In comparing the five structures, we only observe changes in the positions of residues 123-129 and residues 510-515. In cases where one monomer is fully occupied with an NSAID and the partner monomer is incompletely occupied, an alternate conformation of the loop involving residues 123-129 is seen in the partially occupied monomer. We propose, on the basis of this observation and previous cross-linking studies, that cross-talk between monomers involves this mobile 123-129 loop, which is located at the dimer interface. In ovine PGHS-1 crystallized in the absence of an NSAID, there is an alternative route for substrate entry into the COX site different than the well-known route through the membrane binding domain.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- OSTI ID:
- 1002754
- Journal Information:
- Biochemistry-US, Vol. 49, Issue (33) ; 08, 2010; ISSN 0006-2960
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- ENGLISH
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