Evaluation of hydrogen embrittlement in Cr-Mo pressure vessel steels. Topical report No. 1
Commercial 2-1/4 Cr-1 Mo low strength steel specimens have been tested to measure their susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement in an environment of H/sub 2/S at 50 psig. It was found that two factors, viz. (i) the plane stress zones on the crack front in compact tension specimens and (ii) incubation time effects, seriously confounded measurements on these steels when tested by conventional rising load experiments. Because of the incubation time effect, K/sub or/ (the stress intensity at which cracking starts in a rising load test) is a loading rate dependent variable and is usually significantly greater than the arrest stress intensity, K/sub arr/ in a bolt loaded test. K/sub arr/ must therefore be used as a measure of hydrogen resistance. The incubation time has been significantly reduced by cyclicly loading in the environment to initiate the crack and K/sub arr/ has been measured by holding the specimen in constant displacement immediately after crack initiation. The plane stress problem has been eliminated by deeply side grooving the compact tension (CT) specimens. As an example of the importance of these effects a 3T CT smooth sided specimen was compared with a side grooved 2T CT specimen of the same steel. Whereas the K/sub or/ value for the smooth 3T was approximately 150 ksi in/sup 1/2/ the K/sub arr/ value for the side notched 2T was approximately 20 ksi in/sup 1/2/. A study of the effect of strength level is included.
- Research Organization:
- Westinghouse Research and Development Center, Pittsburgh, PA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC05-78ET13513
- OSTI ID:
- 7039409
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/ET/13513-T3
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
08 HYDROGEN
CHROMIUM-MOLYBDENUM STEELS
HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT
EVALUATION
HYDROGEN SULFIDES
MATERIALS
PRESSURE VESSELS
ALLOYS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHROMIUM ALLOYS
CHROMIUM STEELS
CONTAINERS
EMBRITTLEMENT
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
IRON ALLOYS
IRON BASE ALLOYS
STEELS
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
360105* - Metals & Alloys- Corrosion & Erosion
080800 - Hydrogen- Properties & Composition