Historical U.S. Residential Coal Use and Female Lung Cancer Mortality
Recent ecological and case-control studies have indicated elevated lung cancer mortality (LCM) associated with bituminous "smoky" coal use in China, but no similar study has been conducted using U.S. populations. Early 20th century U.S. home cooking and heating fuels were examined in relation to age-specific female LCM, focusing on county-level mortality during 1950-54 to reduce potential inter-county confounding due to cigarette smoking among women aged 40* vs. 60* years (among whom 11% vs. 5% ever smoked, respectively). Overall, a significant relationship was found between female LCM and county-level average per capita bituminous coal use with and without adjustment for numerous covariates in counties where ~75% of homes used coal for heating. This positive association was similar in each female age group after adjustment of 190 combinations of variates considered in addition t
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Environment, Safety and Health (EH)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-Eng-48
- OSTI ID:
- 2598
- Report Number(s):
- UCRL-JC-131635; 97-ERD-050; YN0100000
- Journal Information:
- Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, Vol. 7, Issue 2; ISSN 1080-7039
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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