Stability of superthermal strahl electrons in the solar wind

Schroeder, J. M.; Boldyrev, S.; Astfalk, P.

doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2228

Title: Stability of superthermal strahl electrons in the solar wind

Journal Article · Mon Aug 02 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2228· OSTI ID:1979506

^[1];

^[2]; Astfalk, P. ^[3]

University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States); Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO (United States)
2-36-6 Imado, Tokyo (Japan)

We present a kinetic stability analysis of the solar wind electron distribution function consisting of the Maxwellian core and the magnetic-field aligned strahl, a superthermal electron beam propagating away from the sun. We use an electron strahl distribution function obtained as a solution of a weakly collisional drift-kinetic equation, representative of a strahl affected by Coulomb collisions but unadulterated by possible broadening from turbulence. This distribution function is essentially non-Maxwellian and varies with the heliospheric distance. The stability analysis is performed with the Vlasov–Maxwell linear solver leopard. We find that depending on the heliospheric distance, the core-strahl electron distribution becomes unstable with respect to sunward-propagating kinetic-Alfvén, magnetosonic, and whistler modes, in a broad range of propagation angles. The wavenumbers of the unstable modes are close to the ion inertial scales, and the radial distances at which the instabilities first appear are on the order of 1 au. However, we have not detected any instabilities driven by resonant wave interactions with the superthermal strahl electrons. Instead, the observed instabilities are triggered by a relative drift between the electron and ion cores necessary to maintain zero electric current in the solar wind frame (ion frame). Contrary to strahl distributions modelled by shifted Maxwellians, the electron strahl obtained as a solution of the kinetic equation is stable. Our results are consistent with the previous studies based on a more restricted solution for the electron strahl.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Wisconsin Plasma Physics Laboratory

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018266; 80NSSC18K0646; PHY-2010098; PHY-1707272

OSTI ID:: 1979506

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 507, Issue 1; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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