Low-temperature sprayed SnOx nanocomposite films with enhanced hole blocking for efficient large area perovskite solar cells
[1];
[2];
[2]
- Stanford University, CA (United States); Xiamwn University (China)
- Stanford University, CA (United States)
- Stanford University, CA (United States); Tsinghua University, Beijing (China)
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2205, USA
- Stanford University, CA (United States); Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH (United States)
- Xiamen University (China)
Scalable fabrication of charge transport layers with high uniformity and compactness is essential for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Cost-effective deposition of high-quality electron transport layers (ETLs) is a particularly important step to achieve low-cost, efficient and large-area PSCs. Here, an open-air (relative humidity of 40–50%) and low-temperature (≤100 °C) ultrasonic spray coating of tin oxide (SnO2) nanocomposite films incorporating nanocrystalline SnO2 nanoparticles in an amorphous SnOx matrix is demonstrated to fabricate large-area ETLs for planar PSCs. The optimized SnO2/SnOx nanocomposite exhibits significantly enhanced hole-blocking and high-power conversion efficiencies of 18% and 16% for planar PSCs with an active area of 0.2 cm2 and 1 cm2, respectively. More importantly, the devices show little current–voltage hysteresis as well as good shelf-life stability by maintaining ~90% of the initial performance without encapsulation after 2500 hours storage under inert conditions. Additionally, high voltages of >6.0 V have been obtained for solar modules of 2.1 cm2 aperture area comprising six sub-cells in series, suggesting that the low-temperature, open-air and fast spray coating is suitable and transferable to deposit large-area charge transport layers for scalable PSCs or other optoelectronic devices.
- Research Organization:
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office; National Science Foundation (NSF); Wallenberg Foundation
- Grant/Contract Number:
- EE0008559; ECCS-1542152; DGE-1656518
- OSTI ID:
- 1978836
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1819228
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Materials Chemistry. A, Vol. 9, Issue 37; ISSN 2050-7488
- Publisher:
- Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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