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Title: The UPR Branch IRE1-bZIP60 in Plants Plays an Essential Role in Viral Infection and Is Complementary to the Only UPR Pathway in Yeast

Journal Article · · PLoS Genetics
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [2]
  1. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON (Canada). Southern Crop Protection and Food Research
  2. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON (Canada). Southern Crop Protection and Food Research
  3. Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI (United States).
  4. Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK (United States)

The unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling network encompasses two pathways in plants, one mediated by inositol-requiring protein-1 (IRE1)-bZIP60 mRNA and the other by site-1/site-2 proteases (S1P/S2P)-bZIP17/bZIP28. As the major sensor of UPR in eukaryotes, IRE1, in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, catalyzes the unconventional splicing of HAC1 in yeast, bZIP60 in plants and XBP1 in metazoans. Recent studies suggest that IRE1p and HAC1 mRNA, the only UPR pathway found in yeast, evolves as a cognate system responsible for the robust UPR induction. However, the functional connectivity of IRE1 and its splicing target in multicellular eukaryotes as well as the degree of conservation of IRE1 downstream signaling effectors across eukaryotes remains to be established. Here, we report that IRE1 and its substrate bZIP60 function as a strictly cognate enzymesubstrate pair to control viral pathogenesis in plants. Moreover, we show that the S1P/ S2P-bZIP17/bZIP28 pathway, the other known branch of UPR in plants, does not play a detectable role in virus infection, demonstrating the distinct function of the IRE1-bZIP60 pathway in plants. Furthermore, we provide evidence that bZIP60 and HAC1, products of the enzyme-substrate duet, rather than IRE1, are functionally replaceable to cope with ER stress in yeast. Taken together, we conclude that the downstream signaling of the IRE1- mediated splicing is evolutionarily conserved in yeast and plants, and that the IRE1-bZIP60 UPR pathway not only confers overlapping functions with the other UPR branch in fundamental biology but also may exert a unique role in certain biological processes such as virus-plant interactions.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); National Institutes of Health (NIH); US Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0014664; R01 GM101038; 2014-67014-21715
OSTI ID:
1904889
Journal Information:
PLoS Genetics, Vol. 11, Issue 4; ISSN 1553-7404
Publisher:
Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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External and internal triggers of cell death in yeast journal April 2016
Divergence and Conservation of the Major UPR Branch IRE1-bZIP Signaling Pathway across Eukaryotes journal June 2016
Recruitment of Arabidopsis RNA Helicase AtRH9 to the Viral Replication Complex by Viral Replicase to Promote Turnip Mosaic Virus Replication journal July 2016
The multifunctional protein CI of potyviruses plays interlinked and distinct roles in viral genome replication and intercellular movement journal September 2015
Recessive Resistance to Plant Viruses: Potential Resistance Genes Beyond Translation Initiation Factors journal October 2016
An improved high-throughput screening assay for tunicamycin sensitivity in Arabidopsis seedlings journal August 2015
The Unfolded Protein Response Supports Plant Development and Defense as well as Responses to Abiotic Stress journal March 2017
Hop/Sti1 – A Two-Faced Cochaperone Involved in Pattern Recognition Receptor Maturation and Viral Infection journal October 2017
Activation of the Transducers of Unfolded Protein Response in Plants journal February 2018
Exploring the Diversity of Mechanisms Associated With Plant Tolerance to Virus Infection journal November 2018
Endoplasmic Reticulum Plays a Critical Role in Integrating Signals Generated by Both Biotic and Abiotic Stress in Plants journal April 2019
ER-Phagy and ER Stress Response (ERSR) in Plants journal September 2019
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling in Plant Immunity—At the Crossroad of Life and Death journal November 2015
The Multifaceted Roles of Plant Hormone Salicylic Acid in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response journal November 2019
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