Ab initio predictions link the neutron skin of 208Pb to nuclear forces

Hu, Baishan; Jiang, Weiguang; Miyagi, Takayuki; Sun, Zhonghao; Ekström, Andreas; Forssén, Christian; Hagen, Gaute; Holt, Jason D.; Papenbrock, Thomas; Stroberg, S. Ragnar; Vernon, Ian

doi:10.1038/s41567-022-01715-8

Title: Ab initio predictions link the neutron skin of ²⁰⁸Pb to nuclear forces

Journal Article · Mon Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Nature Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-022-01715-8· OSTI ID:1883690

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^[4]; Ekström, Andreas ^[2];

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^[4]; Stroberg, S. Ragnar ^[7]; Vernon, Ian ^[8]

TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg (Sweden)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); Darmstadt University of Technology (Germany); GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, Darmstadt (Germany)
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada); McGill University, Montreal, QC (Canada)
University of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Durham University (United Kingdom)

Heavy atomic nuclei have an excess of neutrons over protons, which leads to the formation of a neutron skin whose thickness is sensitive to details of the nuclear force. This links atomic nuclei to properties of neutron stars, thereby relating objects that differ in size by orders of magnitude. The nucleus ²⁰⁸Pb is of particular interest because it exhibits a simple structure and is experimentally accessible. However, computing such a heavy nucleus has been out of reach for ab initio theory. By combining advances in quantum many-body methods, statistical tools and emulator technology, we make quantitative predictions for the properties of ²⁰⁸Pb starting from nuclear forces that are consistent with symmetries of low-energy quantum chromodynamics. We explore 10⁹ different nuclear force parameterizations via history matching, confront them with data in select light nuclei and arrive at an importance-weighted ensemble of interactions. We accurately reproduce bulk properties of ²⁰⁸Pb and determine the neutron skin thickness, which is smaller and more precise than a recent extraction from parity-violating electron scattering but in agreement with other experimental probes. This work demonstrates how realistic two- and three-nucleon forces act in a heavy nucleus and allows us to make quantitative predictions across the nuclear landscape.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); Swedish Research Council (SRC); European Research Council (ERC); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); UK Research and Innovation; Wellcome; German Research Foundation (DFG)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; AC02-06CH11357; FG02-97ER41014; FG02-96ER40963; SC0018223; 2017-04234; 2021-04507; 2020-05127; 758027; SAPIN-2018-00027; RGPAS-2018-522453; EP/W011956/1; 218261/Z/19/Z

OSTI ID:: 1883690

Journal Information:: Nature Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 10; ISSN 1745-2473

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Ab initio predictions link the neutron skin of ²⁰⁸Pb to nuclear forces