Protecting building occupants against the inhalation of outdoor-origin aerosols

Dillon, Michael B.; Sextro, Richard G.; Delp, W. Woody

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118773

Title: Protecting building occupants against the inhalation of outdoor-origin aerosols

Journal Article · Tue Oct 05 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Atmospheric Environment (1994)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118773· OSTI ID:1842425

^[1]; Sextro, Richard G. ^[2]; Delp, W. Woody ^[3]

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

During normal operations, buildings can protect their occupants from outdoor airborne particle hazards of all types, including airborne pollutants. A long-term international research effort has advanced our knowledge of building protection physics. Recently we have developed an operationally efficient, regional-scale methodology - Regional Shelter Analysis - to account for both building protection effects and the typical distribution of people in and among buildings. To provide input to this capability, we estimate here the degree of protection afforded by the currently existing US building stock. Here, we first assemble and summarize the published literature relevant to indoor particle losses including (a) deposition to indoor surfaces, (b) losses that occur when particles penetrate through the building envelope, and (c) heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system filtration efficiencies as well as general building operating conditions. Building protection against inhaling particulate hazards varies strongly, by orders of magnitude, according to particle size, airborne particle loss rate, and to a lesser extent building use (occupancy). Protection increases modestly as particle size increases from 0.1 to 1 μm and significantly as particle size increases from 1 to 10 μm. Model results are placed in context with previously reported measurements. Suggestions for future work, including enhanced validation datasets are provided.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1842425

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-822186; 1034039; TRN: US2301364

Journal Information:: Atmospheric Environment (1994), Vol. 268, Issue no. 1; ISSN 1352-2310

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Protecting building occupants against the inhalation of outdoor-origin aerosols

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