Thermal conductivity of Fe-Si alloys and thermal stratification in Earth’s core

Zhang, Youjun; Luo, Kai; Hou, Mingqiang; Driscoll, Peter; Salke, Nilesh P.; Minár, Ján; Prakapenka, Vitali B.; Greenberg, Eran; Hemley, Russell J.; Cohen, R. E.; Lin, Jung-Fu

doi:10.1073/pnas.2119001119

Title: Thermal conductivity of Fe-Si alloys and thermal stratification in Earth’s core

Journal Article · Thu Dec 30 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2119001119· OSTI ID:1839070

^[1]; Luo, Kai ^[2];

^[3]; Driscoll, Peter ^[4]; Salke, Nilesh P. ^[5]; Minár, Ján ^[6]; Prakapenka, Vitali B. ^[7];

^[7];

^[5]; Cohen, R. E. ^[4];

^[8]

Sichuan Univ., Chengdu (China)
Carnegie Inst. of Science, Washington, DC (United States); Nanjing Univ. of Science and Technology (China)
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan (China)
Carnegie Inst. of Science, Washington, DC (United States)
Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States)
University of West Bohemia, Plzen (Czech Republic)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)

Light elements in Earth’s core play a key role in driving convection and influencing geodynamics, both of which are crucial to the geodynamo. However, the thermal transport properties of iron alloys at high-pressure and -temperature conditions remain uncertain. Here we investigate the transport properties of solid hexagonal close-packed and liquid Fe-Si alloys with 4.3 and 9.0 wt % Si at high pressure and temperature using laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiments and first-principles molecular dynamics and dynamical mean field theory calculations. In contrast to the case of Fe, Si impurity scattering gradually dominates the total scattering in Fe-Si alloys with increasing Si concentration, leading to temperature independence of the resistivity and less electron–electron contribution to the conductivity in Fe-9Si. Our results show a thermal conductivity of ~100 to 110 W∙m^-1 ∙K^-1 for liquid Fe-9Si near the topmost outer core. If Earth’s core consists of a large amount of silicon (e.g., > 4.3 wt %) with such a high thermal conductivity, a subadiabatic heat flow across the core–mantle boundary is likely, leaving a 400- to 500-km-deep thermally stratified layer below the core–mantle boundary, and challenges proposed thermal convection in Fe-Si liquid outer core.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Programs (DP); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); National Science Foundation (NSF); European Regional Development Fund; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003975; AC02-06CH11357; FG02-64094ER14466

OSTI ID:: 1839070

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 119, Issue 1; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Thermal conductivity of Fe-Si alloys and thermal stratification in Earth’s core

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