Disturbance-accelerated succession increases the production of a temperate forest

Gough, Christopher M.; Bohrer, Gil; Hardiman, Brady S.; Nave, Lucas E.; Vogel, Christoph S.; Atkins, Jeff W.; Bond‐Lamberty, Ben; Fahey, Robert T.; Fotis, Alexander T.; Grigri, Maxim S.; Haber, Lisa T.; Ju, Yang; Kleinke, Callie L.; Mathes, Kayla C.; Nadelhoffer, Knute J.; Stuart‐Haëntjens, Ellen; Curtis, Peter S.

doi:10.1002/eap.2417

Title: Disturbance-accelerated succession increases the production of a temperate forest

Journal Article · Sun Jul 18 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Ecological Applications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2417· OSTI ID:1837654

^[1]; Bohrer, Gil ^[2]; Hardiman, Brady S. ^[3]; Nave, Lucas E. ^[4]; Vogel, Christoph S. ^[4];

^[1];

^[5]; Fahey, Robert T. ^[6]; Fotis, Alexander T. ^[2]; Grigri, Maxim S. ^[1]; Haber, Lisa T. ^[1]; Ju, Yang ^[2]; Kleinke, Callie L. ^[2]; Mathes, Kayla C. ^[1]; Nadelhoffer, Knute J. ^[7]; Stuart‐Haëntjens, Ellen ^[1]; Curtis, Peter S. ^[2]

Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond, VA (United States)
The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
Univ. of Michigan, Pellston, MI (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States)
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Abstract Many secondary deciduous forests of eastern North America are approaching a transition in which mature early‐successional trees are declining, resulting in an uncertain future for this century‐long carbon (C) sink. We initiated the Forest Accelerated Succession Experiment (FASET) at the University of Michigan Biological Station to examine the patterns and mechanisms underlying forest C cycling following the stem girdling‐induced mortality of >6,700 early‐successional Populus spp. (aspen) and Betula papyrifera (paper birch). Meteorological flux tower‐based C cycling observations from the 33‐ha treatment forest have been paired with those from a nearby unmanipulated forest since 2008. Following over a decade of observations, we revisit our core hypothesis: that net ecosystem production (NEP) would increase following the transition to mid‐late‐successional species dominance due to increased canopy structural complexity. Supporting our hypothesis, NEP was stable, briefly declined, and then increased relative to the control in the decade following disturbance; however, increasing NEP was not associated with rising structural complexity but rather with a rapid 1‐yr recovery of total leaf area index as mid‐late‐successional Acer , Quercus , and Pinus assumed canopy dominance. The transition to mid‐late‐successional species dominance improved carbon‐use efficiency (CUE = NEP/gross primary production) as ecosystem respiration declined. Similar soil respiration rates in control and treatment forests, along with species differences in leaf physiology and the rising relative growth rates of mid‐late‐successional species in the treatment forest, suggest changes in aboveground plant respiration and growth were primarily responsible for increases in NEP. We conclude that deciduous forests transitioning from early to middle succession are capable of sustained or increased NEP, even when experiencing extensive tree mortality. This adds to mounting evidence that aging deciduous forests in the region will function as C sinks for decades to come.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830; 1655095; 1856319

OSTI ID:: 1837654

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1812945

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-160896

Journal Information:: Ecological Applications, Vol. 31, Issue 7; ISSN 1051-0761

Publisher:: Ecological Society of AmericaCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Trends of carbon fluxes and climate over a mixed temperate–boreal transition forest in southern Ontario, Canada Froelich, Norma; Croft, Holly; Chen, Jing M. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 211-212 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.05.009	journal	October 2015
Aboveground Wood Production Is Sustained in the First Growing Season after Phloem-Disrupting Disturbance Grigri, Maxim S.; Atkins, Jeff W.; Vogel, Christoph Forests, Vol. 11, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.3390/f11121306	journal	December 2020
Forest Canopy Structural Complexity and Light Absorption Relationships at the Subcontinental Scale Atkins, J. W.; Fahey, R. T.; Hardiman, B. H. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 123, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG004256	journal	April 2018
Chronic water stress reduces tree growth and the carbon sink of deciduous hardwood forests Brzostek, Edward R.; Dragoni, Danilo; Schmid, Hans Peter Global Change Biology, Vol. 20, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12528	journal	February 2014

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
AmeriFlux
carbon
disturbance
forests
leaf area index
production
resistance
stability
structural complexity
succession

Title: Disturbance-accelerated succession increases the production of a temperate forest

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