High-Latitude Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering Can Be More Effective if Injection Is Limited to Spring

Lee, Walker Raymond; MacMartin, Douglas G.; Visioni, Daniele; Kravitz, Ben

doi:10.1029/2021gl092696

Title: High-Latitude Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering Can Be More Effective if Injection Is Limited to Spring

Journal Article · Mon May 03 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Geophysical Research Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl092696· OSTI ID:1811261

^[1];

^[2]

Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)
Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States); Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Stratospheric aerosol geoengineering focused on the Arctic could substantially reduce local and worldwide impacts of anthropogenic global warming. Because the Arctic receives little sunlight during the winter, stratospheric aerosols present in the winter at high latitudes have little impact on the climate, whereas stratospheric aerosols present during the summer achieve larger changes in radiative forcing. Injecting SO₂ in the spring leads to peak aerosol optical depth (AOD) in the summer. We demonstrate that spring injection produces approximately twice as much summer AOD as year-round injection and restores approximately twice as much September sea ice, resulting in less increase in stratospheric sulfur burden, stratospheric heating, and stratospheric ozone depletion per unit of sea ice restored. Furthermore, we also find that differences in AOD between different seasonal injection strategies are small compared to the difference between annual and spring injection.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830; CBET-1818759; CBET-1931641

OSTI ID:: 1811261

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1811262

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-161397

Journal Information:: Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 48, Issue 9; ISSN 0094-8276

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: High-Latitude Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering Can Be More Effective if Injection Is Limited to Spring

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