A NICER View of PSR J0030+0451: Millisecond Pulsar Parameter Estimation

Riley, T. E.; Watts, A. L.; Bogdanov, S.; Ray, P. S.; Ludlam, R. M.; Guillot, S.; Arzoumanian, Z.; Baker, C. L.; Bilous, A. V.; Chakrabarty, D.; Gendreau, K. C.; Harding, A. K.; Ho, W. C.  G.; Lattimer, J. M.; Morsink, S. M.; Strohmayer, T. E.

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab481c

Title: A NICER View of PSR J0030+0451: Millisecond Pulsar Parameter Estimation

Journal Article · Thu Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2019 · The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab481c· OSTI ID:1800654

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Univ. of Amsterdam (Netherlands)
Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
U.S. Naval Research Lab, Washington, DC (United States). Space Science Div.
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA (United States)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (France); Univ. of Toulouse (France)
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD (United States)
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD (United States).
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Haverford College, Haverford, PA (United States); Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)
Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)
Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada)
NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD (United States)

Here, we report on Bayesian parameter estimation of the mass and equatorial radius of the millisecond pulsar PSR J0030+0451, conditional on pulse-profile modeling of Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer X-ray spectral-timing event data. We perform relativistic ray-tracing of thermal emission from hot regions of the pulsar's surface. We assume two distinct hot regions based on two clear pulsed components in the phase-folded pulse-profile data; we explore a number of forms (morphologies and topologies) for each hot region, inferring their parameters in addition to the stellar mass and radius. For the family of models considered, the evidence (prior predictive probability of the data) strongly favors a model that permits both hot regions to be located in the same rotational hemisphere. Models wherein both hot regions are assumed to be simply connected circular single-temperature spots, in particular those where the spots are assumed to be reflection-symmetric with respect to the stellar origin, are strongly disfavored. For the inferred configuration, one hot region subtends an angular extent of only a few degrees (in spherical coordinates with origin at the stellar center) and we are insensitive to other structural details; the second hot region is far more azimuthally extended in the form of a narrow arc, thus requiring a larger number of parameters to describe. The inferred mass M and equatorial radius R_eq are, respectively, $${1.34}_{-0.16}^{+0.15}\,{M}_{\odot }$$ and $${12.71}_{-1.19}^{+1.14}\,\mathrm{km}$$, while the compactness $${GM}/{R}_{\mathrm{eq}}{c}^{2}={0.156}_{-0.010}^{+0.008}$$ is more tightly constrained; the credible interval bounds reported here are approximately the 16% and 84% quantiles in marginal posterior mass.

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Research Organization:: State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Albany, NY (United States); Research Foundation of New York, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: European Research Council (ERC); The Dutch Research Council (NWO); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-87ER40317; 639217 CSINEUTRONSTAR; HST-HF2-51440.001; 80NSSC17K0554

OSTI ID:: 1800654

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1864799

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online), Vol. 887, Issue 1; ISSN 2041-8213

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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A NICER View of PSR J0030+0451: Evidence for a Global-scale Multipolar Magnetic Field Bilous, A. V.; Watts, A. L.; Harding, A. K. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab53e7	journal	December 2019
Constraining the Neutron Star Mass-Radius Relation and Dense Matter Equation of State with NICER. I. The Millisecond Pulsar X-ray Data Set Bogdanov, Slavko; Guillot, Sebastien; Ray, Paul S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1912.05706	text	January 2019
PSR J0030+0451 Mass and Radius from NICER Data and Implications for the Properties of Neutron Star Matter Miller, M. C.; Lamb, F. K.; Dittmann, A. J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1912.05705	text	January 2019
Evidence for a Multipolar Magnetic Field in SGR J1745-2900 from X-Ray Light-curve Analysis de Lima, Rafael C. R.; Coelho, Jaziel G.; Pereira, Jonas P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab65f4	journal	February 2020
PSR J0030+0451 Mass and Radius from NICER Data and Implications for the Properties of Neutron Star Matter Miller, M. C.; Lamb, F. K.; Dittmann, A. J. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab50c5	journal	December 2019
Constraining the Neutron Star Mass–Radius Relation and Dense Matter Equation of State with NICER . II. Emission from Hot Spots on a Rapidly Rotating Neutron Star Bogdanov, Slavko; Lamb, Frederick K.; Mahmoodifar, Simin The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab5968	journal	December 2019

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Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
Matter density
Rotation powered pulsars
Millisecond pulsars
Pulsars
X-ray stars
Neutron stars
Neutron star cores
Nuclear astrophysics