Actinide Production in the Neutron-rich Ejecta of a Neutron Star Merger

Holmbeck, Erika M.; Sprouse, Trevor M.; Mumpower, Matthew R.; Vassh, Nicole; Surman, Rebecca; Beers, Timothy C.; Kawano, Toshihiko

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaefef

Title: Actinide Production in the Neutron-rich Ejecta of a Neutron Star Merger

Journal Article · Mon Dec 31 00:00:00 EST 2018 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaefef· OSTI ID:1768516

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Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States); Joint Inst. for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA), East Lansing, MI (United States)
Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)
Joint Inst. for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA), East Lansing, MI (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

The rapid neutron-capture ("r-") process is responsible for synthesizing many of the heavy elements observed in both the solar system and Galactic metal-poor halo stars. Simulations of r-process nucleosynthesis can reproduce abundances derived from observations with varying success, but so far they fail to account for the observed overenhancement of actinides, present in about 30% of r-process-enhanced stars. In this work, we investigate actinide production in the dynamical ejecta of a neutron star merger (NSM) and explore whether varying levels of neutron-richness can reproduce the actinide boost. We also investigate the sensitivity of actinide production on nuclear physics properties: fission distribution, β-decay, and mass model. For most cases, the actinides are overproduced in our models if the initial conditions are sufficiently neutron-rich for fission cycling. Here, we find that actinide production can be so robust in the dynamical ejecta that an additional lanthanide-rich, actinide-poor component is necessary in order to match observations of actinide-boost stars. We present a simple actinide-dilution model that folds in estimated contributions from two nucleosynthetic sites within a merger event. Our study suggests that while the dynamical ejecta of an NSM are likely production sites for the formation of actinides, a significant contribution from another site or sites (e.g., the NSM accretion disk wind) is required to explain abundances of r-process-enhanced, metal-poor stars.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC). Nuclear Physics (NP); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; AC52-07NA27344; SC0013039; SC0018232; AC52-06NA25396; PHY 14-30152

OSTI ID:: 1768516

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-18-29300; TRN: US2206607

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 870, Issue 1; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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New fission fragment distributions and r-process origin of the rare-earth elements Goriely, S.; Sida, J. -L.; Lemaitre, J. -F. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1311.5897	text	January 2013
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$r$ -process nucleosynthesis from matter ejected in binary neutron star mergers Bovard, Luke; Martin, Dirk; Guercilena, Federico Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.124005	journal	December 2017
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Identification of strontium in the merger of two neutron stars Watson, Darach; Hansen, Camilla J.; Selsing, Jonatan Nature, Vol. 574, Issue 7779 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1676-3	journal	October 2019

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GW170817 --the first observed neutron star merger and its kilonova: Implications for the astrophysical site of the r-process Siegel, Daniel M. The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 55, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2019-12888-9	journal	November 2019
The Common Envelope Jet Supernova (CEJSN) r -process Scenario Grichener, Aldana; Soker, Noam The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 878, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab1d5d	journal	June 2019
r -process nucleosynthesis: connecting rare-isotope beam facilities with the cosmos Horowitz, C. J.; Arcones, A.; Côté, B. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ab0849	journal	July 2019
GW170817$-$the first observed neutron star merger and its kilonova: implications for the astrophysical site of the r-process Siegel, Daniel M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.09044	text	January 2019
Probing the Production of Actinides under Different r-process Conditions Eichler, M.; Sayar, W.; Arcones, A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 879, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab24cf	journal	July 2019
The lanthanide fraction distribution in metal-poor stars: a test of neutron star mergers as the dominant r-process site Ji, Alexander P.; Drout, Maria R.; Hansen, Terese T. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.01814	text	January 2019
Gamma-rays from kilonova: a potential probe of r-process nucleosynthesis Korobkin, Oleg; Hungerford, Aimee M.; Fryer, Christopher L. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.05089	text	January 2019
Gamma Rays from Kilonova: A Potential Probe of r -process Nucleosynthesis Korobkin, Oleg; Hungerford, Aimee M.; Fryer, Christopher L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab64d8	journal	February 2020
Finding the Remnants of the Milky Way's Last Neutron Star Mergers Wu, Meng-Ru; Banerjee, Projjwal; Metzger, Brian D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 880, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2593	journal	July 2019
Kilonovae Metzger, Brian D. Living Reviews in Relativity, Vol. 23, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41114-019-0024-0	journal	December 2019
Actinide-rich and Actinide-poor r -process-enhanced Metal-poor Stars Do Not Require Separate r -process Progenitors Holmbeck, Erika M.; Frebel, Anna; McLaughlin, G. C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 881, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2a01	journal	August 2019
Actinide-rich and Actinide-poor $r$-Process Enhanced Metal-Poor Stars do not Require Separate $r$-Process Progenitors Holmbeck, Erika M.; Frebel, Anna; McLaughlin, G. C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1904.02139	text	January 2019
The Lanthanide Fraction Distribution in Metal-poor Stars: A Test of Neutron Star Mergers as the Dominant r -process Site Ji, Alexander P.; Drout, Maria R.; Hansen, Terese T. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 882, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab3291	journal	August 2019

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