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Title: Gemini Planet Imager Spectroscopy of the Dusty Substellar Companion HD 206893 B

Journal Article · · The Astronomical Journal (Online)
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  1. Amherst College, MA (United States); Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
  2. Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
  3. Amherst College, MA (United States)
  4. Stanford Univ., CA (United States); European Southern Observatory, Santiago (Chile)
  5. Univ. Grenoble Alpes (France); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grenoble (France); Univ. of Montreal, QC (Canada)
  6. NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Mountain View, CA (United States)
  7. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  8. Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
  9. Space Telescope Science Inst., Baltimore, MD (United States)
  10. Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
  11. Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)
  12. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  13. Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  14. Univ. Grenoble Alpes (France); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  15. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  16. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
  17. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
  18. Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI (United States); National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), Hilo, HI (United States)
  19. Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)
  20. Univ. of Montreal, QC (Canada)
  21. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  22. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  23. Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States); National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON (Canada)
  24. Gemini Observatory, Hilo, HI (United States)
  25. European Southern Observatory, Santiago (Chile)
  26. National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO (United States)
  27. Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Tucson, AZ (United States)
  28. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); SETI Inst., Mountain View, CA (United States)
  29. Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
  30. SETI Inst., Mountain View, CA (United States)
  31. National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON (Canada); Univ. of Victoria, BC (Canada)
  32. Univ. of Western Ontario, London, ON (Canada); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)
  33. American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), New York, NY (United States)
  34. Gemini Observatory, La Serena (Chile)
  35. Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)
  36. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)
  37. US Naval Observatory, Flagstaff Station, Flagstaff, AZ (United States); George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA (United States)
  38. The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA (United States)
  39. Leiden Univ. (Netherlands)
+ Show Author Affiliations

In this paper, we present new near-infrared Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) spectroscopy of HD 206893 B, a substellar companion orbiting within the debris disk of its F5V star. The J, H, K1, and K2 spectra from GPI demonstrate the extraordinarily red colors of the object, confirming it as the reddest substellar object observed to date. The significant flux increase throughout the infrared presents a challenging atmosphere to model with existing grids. Best-fit values vary from 1200 to 1800 K for effective temperature and from 3.0 to 5.0 for log(g), depending on which individual wavelength band is fit and which model suite is applied. The extreme redness of the companion can be partially reconciled by invoking a high-altitude layer of submicron dust particles, similar to dereddening approaches applied to the peculiar red field L dwarf population. However, reconciling the HD 206893 B spectra with even those of the reddest low-gravity L dwarf spectra still requires the contribution of additional atmospheric dust, potentially due to the debris disk environment in which the companion resides. Orbit fitting from 4 yr of astrometric monitoring is consistent with a ~30 yr period, an orbital inclination of 147°, and a semimajor axis of 10 au, well within the estimated disk inner radius of ~50 au. As one of a very few substellar companions imaged interior to a circumstellar disk, the properties of this system offer important dynamical constraints on companion–disk interaction and provide a benchmark for substellar and planetary atmospheric study.

Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
National Science Foundation (NSF); National Research Council Canada (NRC); Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT); Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (MINCYT); Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (MCTI); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO); Fonds de Recherche du Quebec; Heising-Simons Foundation; USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
89233218CNA000001; AC02-05CH11231; ACI-1548562; AST-1411868; AST-141378; AST-1518332; NNX14AJ80G; NNX15AC89G; NNX15AD95G; NN15AB52l; NNX16AD44G; SOSPA3-007; NNH15AZ59I; 51378.01-A; NAS5-26555; AC52-07NA27344
OSTI ID:
1760567
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1836923
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-19-29876; LLNL-JRNL-829711; TRN: US2205748
Journal Information:
The Astronomical Journal (Online), Vol. 161, Issue 1; ISSN 1538-3881
Publisher:
IOP Publishing - AAASCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
Substellar companion stars
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Orbit determination