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Title: Magnetotactic Bacteria as Potential Sources of Bioproducts

Journal Article · · Marine Drugs
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/md13010389· OSTI ID:1628457
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [1]
  1. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Instituto de Microbiologia Paulode Goes
  2. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Instituto de Microbiologia Paulode Goes; Ludwig Maximilian Univ. of Munich, Munich (Germany). Dept. of Biology
  3. Univ. of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV (United States). School of Life Sciences

Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) produce intracellular organelles called magnetosomes which are magnetic nanoparticles composed of magnetite (Fe3O4) or greigite (Fe3S4) enveloped by a lipid bilayer. The synthesis of a magnetosome is through a genetically controlled process in which the bacterium has control over the composition, direction of crystal growth, and the size and shape of the mineral crystal. As a result of this control, magnetosomes have narrow and uniform size ranges, relatively specific magnetic and crystalline properties, and an enveloping biological membrane. These features are not observed in magnetic particles produced abiotically and thus magnetosomes are of great interest in biotechnology. Most currently described MTB have been isolated from saline or brackish environments and the availability of their genomes has contributed to a better understanding and culturing of these fastidious microorganisms. Moreover, genome sequences have allowed researchers to study genes related to magnetosome production for the synthesis of magnetic particles for use in future commercial and medical applications. Here, we review the current information on the biology of MTB and apply, for the first time, a genome mining strategy on these microorganisms to search for secondary metabolite synthesis genes. More specifically, we discovered that the genome of the cultured MTB Magnetovibrio blakemorei, among other MTB, contains several metabolic pathways for the synthesis of secondary metabolites and other compounds, thereby raising the possibility of the co-production of new bioactive molecules along with magnetosomes by this species.

Research Organization:
Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science Division
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-07CH11358
OSTI ID:
1628457
Journal Information:
Marine Drugs, Vol. 13, Issue 1; ISSN 1660-3397
Publisher:
MDPICopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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