Dynamically Reconfigurable Data Readout of Pixel Detectors for Automatic Synchronization with Data Acquisition Systems

Fahim, Farah; Bianconi, Simone; Rabinowitz, Jacob; Joshi, Siddhartha; Mohseni, Hooman

doi:10.3390/s20092560

Title: Dynamically Reconfigurable Data Readout of Pixel Detectors for Automatic Synchronization with Data Acquisition Systems

Journal Article · Thu Apr 30 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Sensors

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/s20092560· OSTI ID:1618052

^[1];

^[2]; Rabinowitz, Jacob ^[2];

^[2];

^[2]

Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)

Reconfigurable detectors with dynamically selectable sensing and readout modes are highly desirable for implementing edge computing as well as enabling advanced imaging techniques such as foveation. The concept of a camera system capable of simultaneous passive imaging and dynamic ranging in different regions of the detector is presented. Such an adaptive-autonomous detector with both spatial and temporal control requires programmable window of exposure (time frames), ability to switch between readout modes such as full-frame imaging and zero-suppressed data, modification of the number of pixel data bits and independent programmability for distinct detector regions. In this work, a method is presented for seamlessly changing time frames and readout modes without data corruption while still ensuring that the data acquisition system (DAQ) does not need to stop and resynchronize at each change of setting, thus avoiding significant dead time. Data throughput is maximized by using a minimum unique data format, rather than lengthy frame headers, to differentiate between consecutive frames. A data control and transmitter (DCT) synchronizes data transfer from the pixel to the periphery, reconfigures the data to transmit it serially off-chip, while providing optimized decision support based on a DAQ definable mode. Measurements on a test structure demonstrate that the DCT can operate at 1 GHz in a 65 nm LP CMOS process.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); Ryan Fellowship; International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359

OSTI ID:: 1618052

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-19-264-PPD; SENSC9; oai:inspirehep.net:1794452; TRN: US2106781

Journal Information:: Sensors, Vol. 20, Issue 9; ISSN 1424-8220

Publisher:: MDPI AGCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 1 work

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (23)

Reinventing germanium avalanche photodetector for nanophotonic on-chip optical interconnects Assefa, Solomon; Xia, Fengnian; Vlasov, Yurii A. Nature, Vol. 464, Issue 7285 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08813	journal	March 2010
FPGA-Based Reconfigurable Data Acquisition System for Industrial Sensors Bao, Shuang; Yan, Hairong; Chi, Qingping IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Vol. 13, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2016.2641462	journal	August 2017
Video compressive sensing using spatial domain sparsity Zheng, Jing Optical Engineering, Vol. 48, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1117/1.3206733	journal	August 2009
Timepix, a 65k programmable pixel readout chip for arrival time, energy and/or photon counting measurements Llopart, X.; Ballabriga, R.; Campbell, M. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 581, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.08.079	journal	October 2007
Recent advances in infrared imagers: toward thermodynamic and quantum limits of photon sensitivity Bianconi, Simone; Mohseni, Hooman Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 83, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ab72e5	journal	March 2020
Sensitivity Limit of Nanoscale Phototransistors Rezaei, Mohsen; Park, Min-Su; Tan, Chee Leong IEEE Electron Device Letters, Vol. 38, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2017.2721381	journal	August 2017
A Readout IC Using Two-Step Fastest Signal Identification for Compact Data Acquisition of PET Systems Jung, Sung-Jin; Hong, Seong-Kwan; Kwon, Oh-Kyong Sensors, Vol. 16, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3390/s16101748	journal	October 2016
A Three-Step Resolution-Reconfigurable Hazardous Multi-Gas Sensor Interface for Wireless Air-Quality Monitoring Applications Choi, Subin; Park, Kyeonghwan; Lee, Seungwook Sensors, Vol. 18, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030761	journal	March 2018
Medipix3: A 64k pixel detector readout chip working in single photon counting mode with improved spectrometric performance Ballabriga, R.; Campbell, M.; Heijne, E. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 633 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.06.108	journal	May 2011
Engineering the gain-bandwidth product of phototransistor diodes Bianconi, Simone; Rezaei, Mohsen; Park, Min-Su Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5095815	journal	July 2019
A Low-Power, High-Speed Readout for Pixel Detectors Based on an Arbitration Tree Fahim, Farah; Joshi, Siddhartha; Ogrenci-Memik, Seda IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, Vol. 28, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TVLSI.2019.2953871	journal	February 2020
On the Source of Jitter in a Room-Temperature Nanoinjection Photon Detector at 1.55 $\mu \hbox{m}$ Memis, Omer Gokalp; Katsnelson, Alex; Mohseni, Hooman IEEE Electron Device Letters, Vol. 29, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2008.2001123	journal	August 2008
Emerging technologies for high performance infrared detectors Tan, Chee Leong; Mohseni, Hooman Nanophotonics, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2017-0061	journal	January 2018
A 1 K×1 K high dynamic range CMOS image sensor with on-chip programmable region-of-interest readout Schrey, O.; Huppertz, J.; Filimonovic, G. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 37, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2002.1015690	journal	July 2002
InGaAs–GaAs Nanowire Avalanche Photodiodes Toward Single-Photon Detection in Free-Running Mode Farrell, Alan C.; Meng, Xiao; Ren, Dingkun Nano Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04643	journal	December 2018
Sub-Poissonian shot noise of a high internal gain injection photon detector Memis, Omer Gokalp; Katsnelson, Alex; Kong, Soon-Cheol Optics Express, Vol. 16, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.16.012701	journal	January 2008
A Triple-Mode Flexible E-Skin Sensor Interface for Multi-Purpose Wearable Applications Kim, Sung-Woo; Lee, Youngoh; Park, Jonghwa Sensors, Vol. 18, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/s18010078	journal	December 2017
Internet of Things: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Protocols, and Applications Al-Fuqaha, Ala; Guizani, Mohsen; Mohammadi, Mehdi IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, Vol. 17, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2015.2444095	journal	January 2015
The FE-I4 pixel readout integrated circuit Garcia-Sciveres, M.; Arutinov, D.; Barbero, M. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 636, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.04.101	journal	April 2011
Edge Computing: Vision and Challenges Shi, Weisong; Cao, Jie; Zhang, Quan IEEE Internet of Things Journal, Vol. 3, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2016.2579198	journal	October 2016
A variation tolerant current mode low swing signaling approach for gigascale on-chip interface circuit Majumder, Alak; Nath, Bipasha; Das, Monalisa AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 93 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2018.05.037	journal	September 2018
Low-voltage MOS Current Mode Logic for Low-Power and High Speed Applications Wu, Yangbo; Hu, Jianping Information Technology Journal, Vol. 10, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.3923/itj.2011.2470.2475	journal	December 2011
A Reconfigurable Readout Integrated Circuit for Heterogeneous Display-Based Multi-Sensor Systems Park, Kyeonghwan; Kim, Seung Mok; Eom, Won-Jin Sensors, Vol. 17, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.3390/s17040759	journal	April 2017

Figures / Tables (11)

Similar Records

A Low Power, High Speed Readout for Pixel Detectors Based on an Arbitration Tree

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2019 · TBD · OSTI ID:1618052

Fahim, Farah; Joshi, Siddhartha; Ogrenci-Memik, Seda; +1 more

A self-certifying FPGA based pixel readout chip test system for CMS ETL upgrade

Conference · Tue Nov 07 00:00:00 EST 2023 · OSTI ID:1618052

Gong, Datao; Safdari, Murtaza

Skipper-in-CMOS: Non-Destructive Readout with Sub-Electron Noise Performance for Pixel Detectors

Journal Article · Mon Feb 19 00:00:00 EST 2024 · TBD · OSTI ID:1618052

Lapi, Agustin J.; Sofo-Haro, Miguel; Parpillon, Benjamin C.; +15 more

Related Subjects

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
imaging
reconfigurability
detectors
photon counting
synchronization
adaptiveautonomous control

Title: Dynamically Reconfigurable Data Readout of Pixel Detectors for Automatic Synchronization with Data Acquisition Systems

Citation Formats

References (23)

Figures / Tables (11)

Similar Records

Related Subjects