Evolution of ferromagnetism in two-dimensional electron gas of LaTiO3/SrTiO3

Wen, Fangdi; Cao, Yanwei; Liu, Xiaoran; Pal, B.; Middey, S.; Kareev, M.; Chakhalian, J.

doi:10.1063/1.5009768

Title: Evolution of ferromagnetism in two-dimensional electron gas of LaTiO₃/SrTiO₃

Journal Article · Mon Mar 19 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Applied Physics Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5009768· OSTI ID:1540140

^[1]; Cao, Yanwei ^[2]; Liu, Xiaoran ^[1];

^[1]; Middey, S. ^[3]; Kareev, M. ^[1]; Chakhalian, J. ^[1]

Rutgers Univ., Piscataway, NJ (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
Rutgers Univ., Piscataway, NJ (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Zhejiang (China). Ningbo Inst. of Materials Technology and Engineering
Indian Inst. of Science, Bangalore (India). Dept. of Physics

Understanding, creating, and manipulating spin polarization of two-dimensional electron gases at complex oxide interfaces present an experimental challenge. For example, despite almost a decade long research effort, the microscopic origin of ferromagnetism in LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃ heterojunctions is still an open question. Here, by using a prototypical two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) which emerges at the interface between band insulator SrTiO₃ and antiferromagnetic Mott insulator LaTiO₃, the experiment reveals the evidence for magnetic phase separation in a hole-doped $$\textbf{Ti}$$ $d^1$ $$\textbf{t}_{2_g}$$ system, resulting in spin-polarized 2DEG. The details of electronic and magnetic properties of the 2DEG were investigated by temperature-dependent d.c. transport, angle-dependent X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and temperature-dependent magnetoresistance. The observation of clear hysteresis in magnetotransport at low magnetic fields implies spin-polarization from magnetic islands in the hole rich LaTiO₃ near the interface. We present these findings to emphasize the role of magnetic instabilities in doped Mott insulators, thus providing another path for designing all-oxide structures relevant to spintronic applications.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012375

OSTI ID:: 1540140

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1427322

Journal Information:: Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 12; ISSN 0003-6951

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 4 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (58)

Critical Doping for the Onset of a Two-Band Superconducting Ground State in ${SrTiO}_{3 - δ}$ Lin, Xiao; Bridoux, German; Gourgout, Adrien Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.207002	journal	May 2014
Spin-dependent transport across Co/LaAlO ₃ /SrTiO ₃ heterojunctions Swartz, Adrian G.; Harashima, Satoshi; Xie, Yanwu Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4891174	journal	July 2014
Oxide Interfaces--An Opportunity for Electronics Mannhart, J.; Schlom, D. G. Science, Vol. 327, Issue 5973, p. 1607-1611 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1181862	journal	March 2010
Basic Aspects of The Quantum Theory of Solids: Order and Elementary Excitations Khomskii, Daniel I. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511780271	book	January 2010
Metallic conductance at the interface of tri-color titanate superlattices Kareev, M.; Cao, Yanwei; Liu, Xiaoran Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4841955	journal	December 2013
Two-Dimensional Electron Gases at Complex Oxide Interfaces Stemmer, Susanne; James Allen, S. Annual Review of Materials Research, Vol. 44, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070813-113552	journal	July 2014
Gate-Controlled Spin Injection at ${LaAlO}_{3} / {SrTiO}_{3}$ Interfaces Reyren, N.; Bibes, M.; Lesne, E. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.186802	journal	April 2012
Critical thickness for ferromagnetism in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures Kalisky, Beena; Bert, Julie A.; Klopfer, Brannon B. Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1931	journal	January 2012
Quantum critical behaviour in confined SrTiO3 quantum wells embedded in antiferromagnetic SmTiO3 Jackson, Clayton A.; Zhang, Jack Y.; Freeze, Christopher R. Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5258	journal	July 2014
Surface magnetism of strontium titanate Coey, J. M. D.; Venkatesan, M.; Stamenov, P. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 28, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/28/48/485001	journal	September 2016
Spintronics Pulizzi, Fabio Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3327	journal	April 2012
Strong evidence for d-electron spin transport at room temperature at a LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface Ohshima, Ryo; Ando, Yuichiro; Matsuzaki, Kosuke Nature Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4857	journal	February 2017
Critical behavior in ${LaTiO}_{3 + δ / 2}$ in the vicinity of antiferromagnetic instability Taguchi, Y.; Okuda, T.; Ohashi, M. Physical Review B, Vol. 59, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.59.7917	journal	March 1999
Colloquium : Emergent properties in plane view: Strong correlations at oxide interfaces Chakhalian, Jak; Freeland, John W.; Millis, Andrew J. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 86, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.86.1189	journal	October 2014
Extended Mermin Method for Calculating the Electron Inelastic Mean Free Path Da, B.; Shinotsuka, H.; Yoshikawa, H. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.063201	journal	August 2014
Anomalous circular photogalvanic effect of the spin-polarized two-dimensional electron gas in Mg _0.2 Zn _0.8 O/ZnO heterostructures at room temperature Duan, J. X.; Tang, N.; Ye, J. D. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4805079	journal	May 2013
Magnetic Interactions at the Nanoscale in Trilayer Titanates Cao, Yanwei; Yang, Zhenzhong; Kareev, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.076802	journal	February 2016
Photoconducting state and its perturbation by electrostatic fields in oxide-based two-dimensional electron gas Rastogi, A.; Pulikkotil, J. J.; Auluck, S. Physical Review B, Vol. 86, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.86.075127	journal	August 2012
Spin-polarized two-dimensional electron gas at $GdTi O_{3} / SrTi O_{3}$ interfaces: Insight from first-principles calculations Betancourt, J.; Paudel, T. R.; Tsymbal, E. Y. Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.045113	journal	July 2017
Interface-induced magnetism in perovskite quantum wells Jackson, Clayton A.; Stemmer, Susanne Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.180403	journal	November 2013
Long-range magnetic coupling across a polar insulating layer Lü, W. M.; Saha, Surajit; Wang, X. Renshaw Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11015	journal	March 2016
Two-dimensional superconductivity at a Mott insulator/band insulator interface LaTiO3/SrTiO3 Biscaras, J.; Bergeal, N.; Kushwaha, A. Nature Communications, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1084	journal	October 2010
Field-Effect Transistors with Submicrometer Gate Lengths Fabricated from ${LaAlO}_{3} − {SrTiO}_{3}$ -Based Heterostructures Woltmann, C.; Harada, T.; Boschker, H. Physical Review Applied, Vol. 4, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.4.064003	journal	December 2015
Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications Žutić, Igor; Fabian, Jaroslav; Das Sarma, S. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.76.323	journal	April 2004
Spin-polarized supercurrents for spintronics: a review of current progress Eschrig, Matthias Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 78, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/78/10/104501	journal	September 2015
Magnetic effects at the interface between non-magnetic oxides Brinkman, A.; Huijben, M.; van Zalk, M. Nature Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 7, p. 493-496 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1931	journal	June 2007
Evidence for charge–vortex duality at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface Mehta, M. M.; Dikin, D. A.; Bark, C. W. Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1959	journal	January 2012
Functional oxide interfaces Granozio, Fabio Miletto; Koster, Gertjan; Rijnders, Guus MRS Bulletin, Vol. 38, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2013.282	journal	December 2013
Phase Separation in Doped Mott Insulators Yee, Chuck-Hou; Balents, Leon Physical Review X, Vol. 5, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.5.021007	journal	April 2015
Upper Limit to Magnetism in ${LaAlO}_{3} / {SrTiO}_{3}$ Heterostructures Fitzsimmons, M. R.; Hengartner, N. W.; Singh, S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.217201	journal	November 2011
A general law for electromagnetic induction Giuliani, G. EPL (Europhysics Letters), Vol. 81, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/81/60002	journal	February 2008
Coexistence of Superconductivity and Ferromagnetism in Two Dimensions Dikin, D. A.; Mehta, M.; Bark, C. W. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 5, Article No. 056802 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.056802	journal	July 2011
Spintronics Bader, S. D.; Parkin, S. S. P. Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-070909-104123	journal	August 2010
The 2016 oxide electronic materials and oxide interfaces roadmap Lorenz, M.; Ramachandra Rao, M. S.; Venkatesan, T. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 49, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/49/43/433001	journal	October 2016
Two-Dimensional Electron Gases at Oxide Interfaces Mannhart, J.; Blank, D. H. A.; Hwang, H. Y. MRS Bulletin, Vol. 33, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs2008.222	journal	November 2008
Electronic phase separation at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface Nature Communications, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1192	journal	February 2011
Spin polarization in a two-dimensional electron gas in GaAs Narjis, A.; El kaaouachi, A.; Liang, C-T Physica Scripta, Vol. 87, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/87/04/045703	journal	March 2013
Transport in ferromagnetic GdTiO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures Moetakef, Pouya; Zhang, Jack Y.; Kozhanov, Alexander Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3568894	journal	March 2011
Emergent phenomena at oxide interfaces Hwang, H. Y.; Iwasa, Y.; Kawasaki, M. Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3223	journal	January 2012
Oxide interfaces for novel electronic applications Bjaalie, L.; Himmetoglu, B.; Weston, L. New Journal of Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/16/2/025005	journal	February 2014
Whither the oxide interface Chakhalian, J.; Millis, A. J.; Rondinelli, J. Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3225	journal	January 2012
Ferromagnetism in Itinerant Two-Dimensional $t_{2 g}$ Systems Chen, Gang; Balents, Leon Physical Review Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.206401	journal	May 2013
Oxide Spintronics Bibes, Manuel; Barthelemy, Agns IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol. 54, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2007.894366	journal	May 2007
Artificial charge-modulationin atomic-scale perovskite titanate superlattices Ohtomo, A.; Muller, D. A.; Grazul, J. L. Nature, Vol. 419, Issue 6905 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature00977	journal	September 2002
Negative Magnetoresistance in Doped Semiconductors Boon, M. R. Physical Review B, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.7.761	journal	January 1973
Origin of the Magnetoresistance in Oxide Tunnel Junctions Determined through Electric Polarization Control of the Interface Inoue, Hisashi; Swartz, Adrian G.; Harmon, Nicholas J. Physical Review X, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.5.041023	journal	November 2015
Magnetoresistance of Co-doped ZnO thin films Stamenov, P.; Venkatesan, M.; Dorneles, L. S. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 99, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2172194	journal	April 2006
Metallicity in ${LaTiO}_{3}$ thin films induced by lattice deformation Wong, Franklin J.; Baek, Seung-Hyub; Chopdekar, Rajesh V. Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.161101	journal	April 2010
Oxides For Spintronics: A Review Of Engineered Materials For Spin Injection C. Prestgard, M.; P. Siegel, G.; Tiwari, A. Advanced Materials Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.5185/amlett.2014.amwc1032	journal	May 2014
Strain Tuning of Ferroelectric Thin Films Schlom, Darrell G.; Chen, Long-Qing; Eom, Chang-Beom Annual Review of Materials Research, Vol. 37, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.matsci.37.061206.113016	journal	August 2007
The 2016 oxide electronic materials and oxide interfaces roadmap Lorenz, Michael; Rao, Mamidanna S. R.; Venkatesan, Thirumalai ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000121870	text	January 2016
Spintronics: fundamentals and applications Zutic, Igor; Fabian, Jaroslav; Sarma, S. Das Universität Regensburg https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.1823	text	January 2004
Oxide spintronics Bibes, Manuel; Barthelemy, Agnes arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0706.3015	text	January 2007
Coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in two dimensions Dikin, D. A.; Mehta, M.; Bark, C. W. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1103.4006	text	January 2011
Novel photo-conducting state and its perturbation by electrostatic fields in oxide-based two-dimensional electron gas Rastogi, A.; Pulikkotil, J. J.; Auluck, S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1208.1582	text	January 2012
Ferromagnetism in itinerant two-dimensional t2g systems Chen, Gang; Balents, Leon arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1301.5681	text	January 2013
Interface-induced magnetism in perovskite quantum wells Jackson, Clayton A.; Stemmer, Susanne arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1311.0337	text	January 2013
Spin-polarized supercurrents for spintronics: a review of current progress Eschrig, M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1509.02242	text	January 2015

Similar Records

LaTiO{sub 3}/KTaO{sub 3} interfaces: A new two-dimensional electron gas system

Journal Article · Sun Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2015 · APL materials · OSTI ID:1540140

Zou, K.; Ismail-Beigi, Sohrab; Walker, F. J.; +4 more

Nonzero Berry phase in quantum oscillations from giant Rashba-type spin splitting in LaTiO₃/SrTiO₃ heterostructures

Journal Article · Fri Apr 13 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Nature Communications · OSTI ID:1540140

Veit, M. J.; Arras, R.; Ramshaw, B. J.; +2 more

Optical Study of the Free Carrier Response of LaTiO₃/SrTiO₃ Superlattices

Journal Article · Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2007 · Physical Review Letters · OSTI ID:1540140

Seo, S. S. A.; Choi, W. S.; Lee, Ho Nyung; +4 more

Related Subjects

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
Physics

Title: Evolution of ferromagnetism in two-dimensional electron gas of LaTiO3/SrTiO3

Citation Formats

References (58)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Title: Evolution of ferromagnetism in two-dimensional electron gas of LaTiO₃/SrTiO₃