The Crystal Backlighter Imager: A spherically bent crystal imager for radiography on the National Ignition Facility

Hall, G. N.; Krauland, C. M.; Schollmeier, M. S.; Kemp, G. E.; Buscho, J. G.; Hibbard, R.; Thompson, N.; Casco, E. R.; Ayers, M. J.; Ayers, S. L.; Meezan, N. B.; Hopkins, L. F.  Berzak; Nora, R.; Hammel, B. A.; Masse, L.; Field, J. E.; Bradley, D. K.; Bell, P.; Landen, O. L.; Kilkenny, J. D.; Mariscal, D.; Park, J.; McCarville, T. J.; Lowe-Webb, R.; Kalantar, D.; Kohut, T.; Piston, K.

doi:10.1063/1.5058700

Title: The Crystal Backlighter Imager: A spherically bent crystal imager for radiography on the National Ignition Facility

Journal Article · Wed Jan 16 00:00:00 EST 2019 · Review of Scientific Instruments

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5058700· OSTI ID:1523569

^[1]; Krauland, C. M. ^[2];

^[3]; Kemp, G. E. ^[1];

^[1]; Hibbard, R. ^[1]; Thompson, N. ^[1]; Casco, E. R. ^[1]; Ayers, M. J. ^[1]; Ayers, S. L. ^[1]; Meezan, N. B. ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]; Hammel, B. A. ^[1];

^[1]; Field, J. E. ^[1]; Bradley, D. K. ^[1]; Bell, P. ^[1];

^[1]; Kilkenny, J. D. ^[2] more »

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

The Crystal Backlighter Imager (CBI) is a quasi-monochromatic, near-normal incidence, spherically bent crystal imager developed for the National Ignition Facility (NIF), which will allow inertial confinement fusion capsule implosions to be radiographed close to stagnation. This is not possible using the standard pinhole-based area-backlighter configuration, as the self-emission from the capsule hotspot overwhelms the backlighter signal in the final stages of the implosion. The CBI mitigates the broadband self-emission from the capsule hot spot by using the extremely narrow bandwidth inherent to near-normal-incidence Bragg diffraction. Implementing a backlighter system based on near-normal reflection in the NIF chamber presents unique challenges, requiring the CBI to adopt novel engineering and operational strategies. The CBI currently operates with an 11.6 keV backlighter, making it the highest energy radiography diagnostic based on spherically bent crystals to date. For a given velocity, Doppler shift is proportional to the emitted photon energy. At 11.6 keV, the ablation velocity of the backlighter plasma results in a Doppler shift that is significant compared to the bandwidth of the instrument and the width of the atomic line, requiring that the shift be measured to high accuracy and the optics aligned accordingly to compensate. Experiments will be presented that used the CBI itself to measure the backlighter Doppler shift to an accuracy of better than 1 eV. These experiments also measured the spatial resolution of CBI radiographs at 7.0 μm, close to theoretical predictions. Results will be presented from an experiment in which the CBI radiographed a capsule implosion driven by a 1 MJ NIF laser pulse, demonstrating a significant (>100) improvement in the backlighter to self-emission ratio compared to the pinhole-based area-backlighter configuration.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States); Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; NA0001808; NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 1523569

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-758442; 945412

Journal Information:: Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 90, Issue 1; ISSN 0034-6748

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 28 works

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Review of hydrodynamic instability experiments in inertially confined fusion implosions on National Ignition Facility Smalyuk, V. A.; Weber, C. R.; Landen, O. L. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 62, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ab49f4	journal	October 2019
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