Structural imaging of nanoscale phonon transport in ferroelectrics excited by metamaterial-enhanced terahertz fields

Zhu, Yi; Chen, Frank; Park, Joonkyu; Sasikumar, Kiran; Hu, Bin; Damodaran, Anoop R.; Jung, Il Woong; Highland, Matthew J.; Cai, Zhonghou; Tung, I-Cheng; Walko, Donald A.; Freeland, John W.; Martin, Lane W.; Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S.; Evans, Paul G.; Lindenberg, Aaron M.; Wen, Haidan

doi:10.1103/physrevmaterials.1.060601

Title: Structural imaging of nanoscale phonon transport in ferroelectrics excited by metamaterial-enhanced terahertz fields

Journal Article · Thu Nov 16 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Physical Review Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.1.060601· OSTI ID:1420052

Zhu, Yi ^[1]; Chen, Frank ^[2]; Park, Joonkyu ^[3]; Sasikumar, Kiran ^[1]; Hu, Bin ^[1]; Damodaran, Anoop R. ^[4]; Jung, Il Woong ^[1]; Highland, Matthew J. ^[1]; Cai, Zhonghou ^[1]; Tung, I-Cheng ^[1]; Walko, Donald A. ^[1]; Freeland, John W. ^[1]; Martin, Lane W. ^[4]; Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S. ^[1]; Evans, Paul G. ^[3]; Lindenberg, Aaron M. ^[5]; Wen, Haidan ^[1]

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)

© 2017 American Physical Society. Nanoscale phonon transport is a key process that governs thermal conduction in a wide range of materials and devices. Creating controlled phonon populations by resonant excitation at terahertz (THz) frequencies can drastically change the characteristics of nanoscale thermal transport and allow a direct real-space characterization of phonon mean-free paths. Using metamaterial-enhanced terahertz excitation, we tailored a phononic excitation by selectively populating low-frequency phonons within a nanoscale volume in a ferroelectric BaTiO3 thin film. Real-space time-resolved x-ray diffraction microscopy following THz excitation reveals ballistic phonon transport over a distance of hundreds of nm, two orders of magnitude longer than the averaged phonon mean-free path in BaTiO3. On longer length scales, diffusive phonon transport dominates the recovery of the transient strain response, largely due to heat conduction into the substrate. The measured real-space phonon transport can be directly compared with the phonon mean-free path as predicted by molecular dynamics modeling. This time-resolved real-space visualization of THz-matter interactions opens up opportunities to engineer and image nanoscale transient structural states with new functionalities.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012375; AC02-06CH11357; AC02-05CH11231; AC02-76SF00515; FG02-04ER46147; W911NF-14-1-0104

OSTI ID:: 1420052

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1409131; OSTI ID: 1420068; OSTI ID: 1637276

Journal Information:: Physical Review Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 6; ISSN 2475-9953

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 4 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (42)

Measuring Phonon Mean Free Path Distributions by Probing Quasiballistic Phonon Transport in Grating Nanostructures Zeng, Lingping; Collins, Kimberlee C.; Hu, Yongjie Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep17131	journal	November 2015
Quasi-ballistic thermal transport from nanoscale interfaces observed using ultrafast coherent soft X-ray beams Siemens, Mark E.; Li, Qing; Yang, Ronggui Nature Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2568	journal	November 2009
Mesoscopic structural phase progression in photo-excited VO2 revealed by time-resolved x-ray diffraction microscopy Zhu, Yi; Cai, Zhonghou; Chen, Pice Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep21999	journal	February 2016
Coherent terahertz control of antiferromagnetic spin waves Kampfrath, Tobias; Sell, Alexander; Klatt, Gregor Nature Photonics, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2010.259	journal	November 2010
Direct Nanoscale Imaging of Ballistic and Diffusive Thermal Transport in Graphene Nanostructures Pumarol, Manuel E.; Rosamond, Mark C.; Tovee, Peter Nano Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl3004946	journal	May 2012
Atomistic modelling of BaTiO ₃ based on first-principles calculations Tinte, S.; Stachiotti, M. G.; Sepliarsky, M. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 11, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/11/48/325	journal	November 1999
Real-Time, Subwavelength Terahertz Imaging Blanchard, F.; Doi, A.; Tanaka, T. Annual Review of Materials Research, Vol. 43, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-071312-121656	journal	July 2013
Generation of high-power terahertz pulses by tilted-pulse-front excitation and their application possibilities Hebling, János; Yeh, Ka-Lo; Hoffmann, Matthias C. Journal of the Optical Society of America B, Vol. 25, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.25.0000B6	journal	January 2008
Predicting phonon dispersion relations and lifetimes from the spectral energy density Thomas, John A.; Turney, Joseph E.; Iutzi, Ryan M. Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.081411	journal	February 2010
Lifetime of sub-THz coherent acoustic phonons in a GaAs-AlAs superlattice Maznev, A. A.; Hofmann, Felix; Jandl, Adam Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4789520	journal	January 2013
Nanoscale thermal transport. II. 2003–2012 Cahill, David G.; Braun, Paul V.; Chen, Gang Applied Physics Reviews, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4832615	journal	March 2014
Ultrafast X-ray diffraction probe of terahertz field-driven soft mode dynamics in SrTiO ₃ Kozina, M.; van Driel, T.; Chollet, M. Structural Dynamics, Vol. 4, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4983153	journal	September 2017
Local terahertz field enhancement for time-resolved x-ray diffraction Kozina, M.; Pancaldi, M.; Bernhard, C. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4977088	journal	February 2017
Direct acoustic phonon excitation by intense and ultrashort terahertz pulses Manceau, J. -M.; Loukakos, P. A.; Tzortzakis, S. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 97, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3529466	journal	December 2010
First principles phonon calculations in materials science Togo, Atsushi; Tanaka, Isao Scripta Materialia, Vol. 108 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.07.021	journal	November 2015
Nanoscale thermal management Balandin, A. A. IEEE Potentials, Vol. 21, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/45.985321	journal	January 2002
Ballistic-phonon heat conduction at the nanoscale as revealed by time-resolved x-ray diffraction and time-domain thermoreflectance Highland, M.; Gundrum, B. C.; Koh, Yee Kan Physical Review B, Vol. 76, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.76.075337	journal	August 2007
Ultrastrong Coupling of the Cyclotron Transition of a 2D Electron Gas to a THz Metamaterial Scalari, G.; Maissen, C.; Turcinkova, D. Science, Vol. 335, Issue 6074 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1216022	journal	March 2012
Terahertz field enhancement by a metallic nano slit operating beyond the skin-depth limit Seo, M. A.; Park, H. R.; Koo, S. M. Nature Photonics, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2009.22	journal	February 2009
Spectral phonon scattering effects on the thermal conductivity of nano-grained barium titanate Donovan, Brian F.; Foley, Brian M.; Ihlefeld, Jon F. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4893920	journal	August 2014
Spectral mapping of thermal conductivity through nanoscale ballistic transport Hu, Yongjie; Zeng, Lingping; Minnich, Austin J. Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 10, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2015.109	journal	June 2015
Anharmonicity and necessity of phonon eigenvectors in the phonon normal mode analysis Feng, Tianli; Qiu, Bo; Ruan, Xiulin Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 117, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4921108	journal	May 2015
Extremely Nonperturbative Nonlinearities in GaAs Driven by Atomically Strong Terahertz Fields in Gold Metamaterials Lange, C.; Maag, T.; Hohenleutner, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.227401	journal	November 2014
Ultrafast terahertz-field-driven ionic response in ferroelectric ${BaTiO}_{3}$ Chen, F.; Zhu, Y.; Liu, S. Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.180104	journal	November 2016
Terahertz-field-induced insulator-to-metal transition in vanadium dioxide metamaterial Liu, Mengkun; Hwang, Harold Y.; Tao, Hu Nature, Vol. 487, Issue 7407 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11231	journal	July 2012
Direct Measurement of Room-Temperature Nondiffusive Thermal Transport Over Micron Distances in a Silicon Membrane Johnson, Jeremy A.; Maznev, A. A.; Cuffe, John Physical Review Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.025901	journal	January 2013
Review of Near-Field Terahertz Measurement Methods and Their Applications: How to Achieve Sub-Wavelength Resolution at THz Frequencies Adam, Aurele Joseph Louis Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, Vol. 32, Issue 8-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-011-9809-2	journal	July 2011
Surface generation and detection of phonons by picosecond light pulses Thomsen, C.; Grahn, H. T.; Maris, H. J. Physical Review B, Vol. 34, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.34.4129	journal	September 1986
Thermal conduction phenomena in carbon nanotubes and related nanostructured materials Marconnet, Amy M.; Panzer, Matthew A.; Goodson, Kenneth E. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 85, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.85.1295	journal	August 2013
Blocking Phonon Transport by Structural Resonances in Alloy-Based Nanophononic Metamaterials Leads to Ultralow Thermal Conductivity Xiong, Shiyun; Sääskilahti, Kimmo; Kosevich, Yuriy A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.025503	journal	July 2016
Imaging nonequilibrium atomic vibrations with x-ray diffuse scattering Trigo, M.; Chen, J.; Vishwanath, V. H. Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.82.235205	journal	December 2010
Ferroelectric Soft Mode in a ${SrTiO}_{3}$ Thin Film Impulsively Driven to the Anharmonic Regime Using Intense Picosecond Terahertz Pulses Katayama, I.; Aoki, H.; Takeda, J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.097401	journal	February 2012
Free-space electro-optics sampling of mid-infrared pulses Wu, Q.; Zhang, X. -C. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 71, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.119873	journal	September 1997
Crystal Structure and the Paraelectric-to-Ferroelectric Phase Transition of Nanoscale BaTiO ₃ Smith, Millicent B.; Page, Katharine; Siegrist, Theo Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 130, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0758436	journal	June 2008
Direct time-domain sampling of subterahertz coherent acoustic phonon spectra in SrTiO $_{3}$ using ultrafast x-ray diffraction Shayduk, Roman; Herzog, Marc; Bojahr, Andre Physical Review B, Vol. 87, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.184301	journal	May 2013
A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications Chen, Hou-Tong; Taylor, Antoinette J.; Yu, Nanfang Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 79, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/79/7/076401	journal	June 2016
Ultrafast Bond Softening in Bismuth: Mapping a Solid's Interatomic Potential with X-rays Fritz, D. M.; Reis, D. A.; Adams, B. Science, Vol. 315, Issue 5812 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1135009	journal	February 2007
Shock‐Wave Compression of Barium Titanate and 95/5 Lead Zirconate Titanate Doran, Donald G. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 39, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1655775	journal	January 1968
Model for Lattice Thermal Conductivity at Low Temperatures Callaway, Joseph Physical Review, Vol. 113, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.113.1046	journal	February 1959
Giant Electric Field Enhancement in Split Ring Resonators Featuring Nanometer-Sized Gaps Bagiante, S.; Enderli, F.; Fabiańska, J. Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep08051	journal	January 2015
Large-Amplitude Spin Dynamics Driven by a THz Pulse in Resonance with an Electromagnon Kubacka, T.; Johnson, J. A.; Hoffmann, M. C. Science, Vol. 343, Issue 6177 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1242862	journal	March 2014
Spatially confined low-power optically pumped ultrafast synchrotron x-ray nanodiffraction Park, Joonkyu; Zhang, Qingteng; Chen, Pice Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 86, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4929436	journal	August 2015