Plastic deformation of solid hydrogen in fusion targets

Journal Article · Fri May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2009 · Journal of Applied Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3124362· OSTI ID:21356137

Kozioziemski, B J; Kucheyev, S O; Lugten, J B; Koch, J A; Moody, J D; Chernov, A A; Mapoles, E A; Hamza, A V; Atherton, L J ^[1]

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1. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551 (United States)

Current baseline designs of ignitable inertial confinement fusion targets require smooth layers of solid hydrogen held at a few degrees below the melting temperature on the inner surface of thin-walled spherical capsules. The initially smooth solid/vapor interface of a presumably single crystalline (hexagonal closed packed) hydrogen layer grown from melt develops undesirable roughness on cooling. We attribute such roughness to plastic deformation relieving thermal-contraction-induced elastic stresses. In particular, we identify two major contributors to roughness: surface bands of the basal slip systems and thermal grooves formed on deformation-produced low-angle grain boundaries. These findings have important implications for designing strategies aimed at controlling uniformity of the hydrogen fuel layer in fusion targets.

• OSTI ID: 21356137
• Journal Information: Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 105, Issue 9; Other Information: DOI: 10.1063/1.3124362; (c) 2009 American Institute of Physics; ISSN 0021-8979
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
CAPSULES
CRYSTAL GROWTH
DEFORMATION
DEUTERIUM
ELASTICITY
GRAIN BOUNDARIES
HYDROGEN
HYDROGEN FUELS
INERTIAL CONFINEMENT
LAYERS
MELTING POINTS
MONOCRYSTALS
PLASTICITY
ROUGHNESS
SOLIDS
THERMONUCLEAR REACTORS
TRITIUM
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
CONFINEMENT
CONTAINERS
CRYSTALS
ELEMENTS
FUELS
HYDROGEN ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
LIGHT NUCLEI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE
NONMETALS
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
PLASMA CONFINEMENT
RADIOISOTOPES
STABLE ISOTOPES
SURFACE PROPERTIES
SYNTHETIC FUELS
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
TRANSITION TEMPERATURE
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES