Internal configuration of prismatic lithium-ion cells at the onset of mechanically induced short circuit
Abstract
The response of Li-ion cells to mechanically induced internal electrical shorts is an important safety performance metric design. We assume that the battery internal configuration at the onset of electrical short influences the subsequent response and can be used to gauge the safety risk. We subjected a series of prismatic Li-ion cells to lateral pinching using 0.25", 0.5", 1", 2" and 3" diameter steel balls until the onset of internal short. The external aluminum enclosure froze the internal cell configuration at the onset of short and enabled us to cross-section the cells, and take the cross-section images. The images indicate that an internal electric short is preceded by extensive strain partitioning in the cells, fracturing and tearing of the current collectors, and cracking and slipping of the electrode layers with multiple fault lines across multiple layers. These observations are at odds with a common notion of homogeneous deformation across the layers and strain hardening of electrodes that eventually punch through the separator and short the cell. The faults are akin to tectonic movements of multiple layers that are characteristic of granular materials and bonded aggregates. As a result, the short circuits occur after extensive internal faulting, which implies significant stretchingmore »
- Authors:
-
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Motorola Mobility, Lawrenceville, GA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1236581
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1397331
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Power Sources
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 306; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0378-7753
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 25 ENERGY STORAGE
Citation Formats
Wang, Hsin, Simunovic, Srdjan, Maleki, Hosein, Howard, Jason N., and Hallmark, Jerald A. Internal configuration of prismatic lithium-ion cells at the onset of mechanically induced short circuit. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.12.026.
Wang, Hsin, Simunovic, Srdjan, Maleki, Hosein, Howard, Jason N., & Hallmark, Jerald A. Internal configuration of prismatic lithium-ion cells at the onset of mechanically induced short circuit. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.12.026
Wang, Hsin, Simunovic, Srdjan, Maleki, Hosein, Howard, Jason N., and Hallmark, Jerald A. Fri .
"Internal configuration of prismatic lithium-ion cells at the onset of mechanically induced short circuit". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.12.026. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1236581.
@article{osti_1236581,
title = {Internal configuration of prismatic lithium-ion cells at the onset of mechanically induced short circuit},
author = {Wang, Hsin and Simunovic, Srdjan and Maleki, Hosein and Howard, Jason N. and Hallmark, Jerald A.},
abstractNote = {The response of Li-ion cells to mechanically induced internal electrical shorts is an important safety performance metric design. We assume that the battery internal configuration at the onset of electrical short influences the subsequent response and can be used to gauge the safety risk. We subjected a series of prismatic Li-ion cells to lateral pinching using 0.25", 0.5", 1", 2" and 3" diameter steel balls until the onset of internal short. The external aluminum enclosure froze the internal cell configuration at the onset of short and enabled us to cross-section the cells, and take the cross-section images. The images indicate that an internal electric short is preceded by extensive strain partitioning in the cells, fracturing and tearing of the current collectors, and cracking and slipping of the electrode layers with multiple fault lines across multiple layers. These observations are at odds with a common notion of homogeneous deformation across the layers and strain hardening of electrodes that eventually punch through the separator and short the cell. The faults are akin to tectonic movements of multiple layers that are characteristic of granular materials and bonded aggregates. As a result, the short circuits occur after extensive internal faulting, which implies significant stretching and tearing of separators.},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.12.026},
journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
number = C,
volume = 306,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
A new method to study Li-ion cell safety: laser beam initiated reactions on both charged negative and positive electrodes
journal, July 2001
- Pérès, J. P.; Perton, F.; Audry, C.
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 97-98
Experimental simulation of internal short circuit in Li-ion and Li-ion-polymer cells
journal, September 2011
- Cai, Wei; Wang, Hsin; Maleki, Hossein
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 196, Issue 18
Thermal runaway risk evaluation of Li-ion cells using a pinch–torsion test
journal, March 2014
- Ren, Fei; Cox, Thomas; Wang, Hsin
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 249
Calibration and finite element simulation of pouch lithium-ion batteries for mechanical integrity
journal, March 2012
- Sahraei, Elham; Hill, Rich; Wierzbicki, Tomasz
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 201
Simulation of Abuse Behavior of Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, January 2012
- Spotnitz, R.; Muller, R. P.
- Interface magazine, Vol. 21, Issue 2
Homogenized mechanical properties for the jellyroll of cylindrical Lithium-ion cells
journal, November 2013
- Wierzbicki, Tomasz; Sahraei, Elham
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 241
Analysis of Battery Safety and Hazards' Risk Mitigation
journal, September 2007
- Ashtiani, Cyrus
- ECS Transactions, Vol. 11, Issue 19
Multi-Length Scale X-ray Tomography of Li-ion Batteries
journal, July 2011
- Shearing, P.; Bradley, R.; Gelb, J.
- Microscopy and Microanalysis, Vol. 17, Issue S2
X-Ray Tomography of Porous, Transition Metal Oxide Based Lithium Ion Battery Electrodes
journal, March 2013
- Ebner, Martin; Geldmacher, Felix; Marone, Federica
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 7
Neutron Imaging of Lithium Concentration in LFP Pouch Cell Battery
journal, January 2011
- Siegel, Jason B.; Lin, Xinfan; Stefanopoulou, Anna G.
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 158, Issue 5
X-ray and neutron imaging – Complementary techniques for materials science and engineering: Dedicated to Professor Dr. H.-P. Degischer on the occasion of his 65th birthday
journal, September 2010
- Banhart, John; Borbély, András; Dzieciol, Krzysztof
- International Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 101, Issue 9
Internal short circuit in Li-ion cells
journal, June 2009
- Maleki, Hossein; Howard, Jason N.
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 191, Issue 2, p. 568-574
Study of internal short in a Li-ion cell I. Test method development using infra-red imaging technique
journal, February 2014
- Ramadass, Premanand; Fang, Weifeng; Zhang, Zhengming (John)
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 248
The deformation of multilayers by layer-normal compression; an experimental investigation
journal, April 1996
- Kidan, T. W.; Cosgrove, J. W.
- Journal of Structural Geology, Vol. 18, Issue 4
Parallel folding in multilayered structures
journal, February 2006
- Edmunds, R.; Hunt, G.; Wadee, M.
- Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, Vol. 54, Issue 2
Drawing parallels: Modelling geological phenomena using constraint satisfaction
journal, July 2010
- Edmunds, R.; Hicks, B. J.; Mullineux, G.
- Journal of Structural Geology, Vol. 32, Issue 7
Computational models for simulations of lithium-ion battery cells under constrained compression tests
journal, November 2013
- Ali, Mohammed Yusuf; Lai, Wei-Jen; Pan, Jwo
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 242
Unveiling the Roles of Binder in the Mechanical Integrity of Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries
journal, January 2013
- Chen, Jianchao; Liu, Jianyong; Qi, Yue
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 160, Issue 9
Battery Separators
journal, October 2004
- Arora, Pankaj; Zhang, Zhengming (John)
- Chemical Reviews, Vol. 104, Issue 10
A review on the separators of liquid electrolyte Li-ion batteries
journal, January 2007
- Zhang, Sheng Shui
- Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 164, Issue 1
Mechanical Properties of a Battery Separator under Compression and Tension
journal, January 2014
- Cannarella, John; Liu, Xinyi; Leng, Collen Z.
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 161, Issue 11
Deformation and fracture behaviors of microporous polymer separators for lithium ion batteries
journal, January 2014
- Chen, Jianchao; Yan, Yongda; Sun, Tao
- RSC Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 29
Works referencing / citing this record:
Dynamic behavior and modeling of prismatic lithium‐ion battery
journal, December 2019
- Chen, Xiaoping; Wang, Tao; Zhang, Yu
- International Journal of Energy Research, Vol. 44, Issue 4
In Situ Temperature Evolution and Failure Mechanisms of LiNi 0.33 Mn 0.33 Co 0.33 O 2 Cell under Over-Discharge Conditions
journal, January 2018
- Wu, Linmin; Liu, Yadong; Cui, Yi
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 10
Dynamic mechanical behavior of prismatic lithium‐ion battery upon impact
journal, August 2019
- Chen, Xiaoping; Wang, Tao; Zhang, Yu
- International Journal of Energy Research
Mechanical Deformation of Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells under In-Plane Loads—Part I: Experimental Investigation
journal, May 2020
- Zhu, Juner; Koch, Marco Miguel; Lian, Junhe
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 167, Issue 9
A Review of Lithium-Ion Battery Fault Diagnostic Algorithms: Current Progress and Future Challenges
journal, March 2020
- Tran, Manh-Kien; Fowler, Michael
- Algorithms, Vol. 13, Issue 3
Adhesion strength of the cathode in lithium-ion batteries under combined tension/shear loadings
journal, January 2018
- Luo, Hailing; Zhu, Juner; Sahraei, Elham
- RSC Advances, Vol. 8, Issue 8
Mechanical Deformation of Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells under In-Plane Loads : Part I: Experimental Investigation
text, January 2020
- Zhu, Juner; Koch, Marco Miguel; Lian, Junhe
- RWTH Aachen University