First Observations of Nonhydrodynamic Mix at the Fuel-Shell Interface in Shock-Driven Inertial Confinement Implosions

Rinderknecht, H. G.; Sio, H.; Li, C. K.; Zylstra, A. B.; Rosenberg, M. J.; Amendt, P.; Delettrez, J.; Bellei, C.; Frenje, J. A.; Gatu Johnson, M.; Seguin, F. H.; Petrasso, R. D.; Betti, R.; Glebov, V. Yu.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Sangster, T. C.; Stoeckl, C.; Landen, O.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Wilks, S.; Greenwood, A.; Nikroo, A.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.135001

Title: First Observations of Nonhydrodynamic Mix at the Fuel-Shell Interface in Shock-Driven Inertial Confinement Implosions

Abstract

A strong nonhydrodynamic mechanism generating atomic fuel-shell mix has been observed in strongly shocked inertial confinement fusion implosions of thin deuterated-plastic shells filled with ³He gas. These implosions were found to produce D³He-proton shock yields comparable to implosions of identical shells filled with a hydroequivalent 50:50 D³He gas mixture. Standard hydrodynamic mixing cannot explain this observation, as hydrodynamic modeling including mix predicts a yield an order of magnitude lower than was observed. Instead, these results can be attributed to ion diffusive mix at the fuel-shell interface.

Authors:

Rinderknecht, H. G. ^[1]; Sio, H. ^[1]; Li, C. K. ^[1]; Zylstra, A. B. ^[1]; Rosenberg, M. J. ^[1]; Amendt, P. ^[2]; Delettrez, J. ^[3]; Bellei, C. ^[2]; Frenje, J. A. ^[1]; Gatu Johnson, M. ^[1]; Seguin, F. H. ^[1]; Petrasso, R. D. ^[1]; Betti, R. ^[3]; Glebov, V. Yu. ^[3]; Meyerhofer, D. D. ^[3]; Sangster, T. C. ^[3]; Stoeckl, C. ^[3]; Landen, O. ^[2]; Smalyuk, V. A. ^[2]; Wilks, S. ^[2] more »

MIT (Massachusetts Inst. of Technology), Cambridge, MA (United States). Plasma Science and Fusion Center
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States). Lab. for Laser Energetics
General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2014

Research Org.:: Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Plasma Science and Fusion Center

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1172481

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0002035; NA0001857

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review Letters

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 112; Journal Issue: 13; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats


                    Rinderknecht, H. G., Sio, H., Li, C. K., Zylstra, A. B., Rosenberg, M. J., Amendt, P., Delettrez, J., Bellei, C., Frenje, J. A., Gatu Johnson, M., Seguin, F. H., Petrasso, R. D., Betti, R., Glebov, V. Yu., Meyerhofer, D. D., Sangster, T. C., Stoeckl, C., Landen, O., Smalyuk, V. A., Wilks, S., Greenwood, A., and Nikroo, A. First Observations of Nonhydrodynamic Mix at the Fuel-Shell Interface in Shock-Driven Inertial Confinement Implosions.  United States: N. p., 2014. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.135001.

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                    Rinderknecht, H. G., Sio, H., Li, C. K., Zylstra, A. B., Rosenberg, M. J., Amendt, P., Delettrez, J., Bellei, C., Frenje, J. A., Gatu Johnson, M., Seguin, F. H., Petrasso, R. D., Betti, R., Glebov, V. Yu., Meyerhofer, D. D., Sangster, T. C., Stoeckl, C., Landen, O., Smalyuk, V. A., Wilks, S., Greenwood, A., & Nikroo, A. First Observations of Nonhydrodynamic Mix at the Fuel-Shell Interface in Shock-Driven Inertial Confinement Implosions.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.135001

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                    Rinderknecht, H. G., Sio, H., Li, C. K., Zylstra, A. B., Rosenberg, M. J., Amendt, P., Delettrez, J., Bellei, C., Frenje, J. A., Gatu Johnson, M., Seguin, F. H., Petrasso, R. D., Betti, R., Glebov, V. Yu., Meyerhofer, D. D., Sangster, T. C., Stoeckl, C., Landen, O., Smalyuk, V. A., Wilks, S., Greenwood, A., and Nikroo, A. Tue .  
"First Observations of Nonhydrodynamic Mix at the Fuel-Shell Interface in Shock-Driven Inertial Confinement Implosions".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.135001.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1172481.

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@article{osti_1172481,

  title        = {First Observations of Nonhydrodynamic Mix at the Fuel-Shell Interface in Shock-Driven Inertial Confinement Implosions},

  author       = {Rinderknecht, H. G. and Sio, H. and Li, C. K. and Zylstra, A. B. and Rosenberg, M. J. and Amendt, P. and Delettrez, J. and Bellei, C. and Frenje, J. A. and Gatu Johnson, M. and Seguin, F. H. and Petrasso, R. D. and Betti, R. and Glebov, V. Yu. and Meyerhofer, D. D. and Sangster, T. C. and Stoeckl, C. and Landen, O. and Smalyuk, V. A. and Wilks, S. and Greenwood, A. and Nikroo, A.},

  abstractNote = {A strong nonhydrodynamic mechanism generating atomic fuel-shell mix has been observed in strongly shocked inertial confinement fusion implosions of thin deuterated-plastic shells filled with 3He gas. These implosions were found to produce D3He-proton shock yields comparable to implosions of identical shells filled with a hydroequivalent 50:50 D3He gas mixture. Standard hydrodynamic mixing cannot explain this observation, as hydrodynamic modeling including mix predicts a yield an order of magnitude lower than was observed. Instead, these results can be attributed to ion diffusive mix at the fuel-shell interface.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.135001},

  journal      = {Physical Review Letters},

  number       = 13,

  volume       = 112,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2014},

  month        = {Tue Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2014}

}

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Title: First Observations of Nonhydrodynamic Mix at the Fuel-Shell Interface in Shock-Driven Inertial Confinement Implosions

Abstract

Citation Formats

Tests of the hydrodynamic equivalence of direct-drive implosions with different D2 and He3 mixtures journal, May 2006

Postponement of Saturation of the Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability in a Convergent Geometry journal, September 2004

An indirect-drive non-cryogenic double-shell path to 1ω Nd-laser hybrid inertial fusion–fission energy journal, August 2010

Laser implosion of microballoons: study of the transition from exploding-pusher to ablative regime journal, May 1984

Initial performance results of the OMEGA laser system journal, January 1997

Prototypes of National Ignition Facility neutron time-of-flight detectors tested on OMEGA journal, October 2004

Rayleigh-Taylor Instability and Laser-Pellet Fusion journal, September 1974

Rayleigh-Taylor Growth Measurements in the Acceleration Phase of Spherical Implosions on OMEGA journal, September 2009

Direct Observation of Mass Oscillations Due to Ablative Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability in Plastic Targets journal, December 2001

Measuring Implosion Dynamics through ρ R Evolution in Inertial-Confinement Fusion Experiments journal, March 2003

Oblique shocks and the combined Rayleigh–Taylor, Kelvin–Helmholtz, and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities journal, June 1994

Plasma Adiabatic Lapse Rate journal, August 2012

Atomic mix in directly driven inertial confinement implosions journal, November 2011

Feedout and Richtmyer–Meshkov instability at large density difference journal, February 2001

Direct Observation of Mass Oscillations Due to Ablative Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability in Plastic Targets text, January 2001

Time-Dependent Nuclear Measurements of Mix in Inertial Confinement Fusion journal, May 2007

Spectrometry of charged particles from inertial-confinement-fusion plasmas journal, February 2003

Application of fall-line mix models to understand degraded yield journal, July 2008

Two-dimensional simulations of plastic-shell, direct-drive implosions on OMEGA journal, March 2005

Laser Compression of Matter to Super-High Densities: Thermonuclear (CTR) Applications journal, September 1972

Non-linear Rayleigh-Taylor instability in (spherical) laser accelerated targets journal, March 1987

25 ps neutron detector for measuring ICF‐target burn history journal, January 1995

Indirect-drive noncryogenic double-shell ignition targets for the National Ignition Facility: Design and analysis journal, May 2002

Development of the indirect‐drive approach to inertial confinement fusion and the target physics basis for ignition and gain journal, November 1995

Measurements of an Ablator-Gas Atomic Mix in Indirectly Driven Implosions at the National Ignition Facility journal, January 2014

HYADES—A plasma hydrodynamics code for dense plasma studies journal, January 1994

Correlation and transport properties for mixtures at constant pressure and temperature journal, June 2017

Cherenkov detector analysis for implosions with multiple nuclear reactions journal, October 2018

Transport properties of an asymmetric mixture in the dense plasma regime journal, June 2016

Observations of Multiple Nuclear Reaction Histories and Fuel-Ion Species Dynamics in Shock-Driven Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions journal, January 2019

Kinetic simulations of fusion ignition with hot-spot ablator mix journal, September 2019

Ion Species Stratification Within Strong Shocks in Two-Ion Plasmas text, January 2017

Kinetic effects on neutron generation in moderately collisional interpenetrating plasma flows journal, January 2019

Kinetic mix mechanisms in shock-driven inertial confinement fusion implosions journal, May 2014

Species separation and kinetic effects in collisional plasma shocks journal, May 2014

Deciphering the kinetic structure of multi-ion plasma shocks journal, November 2017

Using a 2-shock 1D platform at NIF to measure the effect of convergence on mix and symmetry journal, October 2018

Investigation of ion kinetic effects in direct-drive exploding-pusher implosions at the NIF journal, December 2014

Shock-induced mix across an ideal interface journal, April 2017

Ion-kinetic simulations of D- 3 He gas-filled inertial confinement fusion target implosions with moderate to large Knudsen number journal, January 2016

Diffusion-dominated mixing in moderate convergence implosions journal, June 2018

Plasma kinetic effects on interfacial mix journal, November 2016

Ion Thermal Decoupling and Species Separation in Shock-Driven Implosions journal, January 2015

Assessment of ion kinetic effects in shock-driven inertial confinement fusion implosions using fusion burn imaging journal, June 2015

Self-Similar Structure and Experimental Signatures of Suprathermal Ion Distribution in Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions journal, September 2015

Fuel-ion diffusion in shock-driven inertial confinement fusion implosions journal, September 2019

Hybrid particle-in-cell simulations of laser-driven plasma interpenetration, heating, and entrainment journal, November 2019

Anomalous mix induced by a collisionless shock wave in an inertial confinement fusion hohlraum journal, August 2019

Ion species stratification within strong shocks in two-ion plasmas journal, March 2018

Checking the Salpeter enhancement of nuclear reactions at intermediate coupling in asymmetric mixtures journal, January 2019

Sudden diffusion of turbulent mixing layers in weakly coupled plasmas under compression journal, December 2019

Deciphering the Kinetic Structure of Multi-Ion Plasma Shocks text, January 2017

Kinetic physics in ICF: present understanding and future directions journal, April 2018

The effect of shock dynamics on compressibility of ignition-scale National Ignition Facility implosions journal, November 2014

Development of the CD Symcap platform to study gas-shell mix in implosions at the National Ignition Facility journal, September 2014

Yield degradation in inertial-confinement-fusion implosions due to shock-driven kinetic fuel-species stratification and viscous heating journal, May 2018

Tests of the hydrodynamic equivalence of direct-drive implosions with different D2 and He3 mixtures
journal, May 2006

Postponement of Saturation of the Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability in a Convergent Geometry
journal, September 2004

An indirect-drive non-cryogenic double-shell path to 1ω Nd-laser hybrid inertial fusion–fission energy
journal, August 2010

Laser implosion of microballoons: study of the transition from exploding-pusher to ablative regime
journal, May 1984

Initial performance results of the OMEGA laser system
journal, January 1997

Prototypes of National Ignition Facility neutron time-of-flight detectors tested on OMEGA
journal, October 2004

Rayleigh-Taylor Instability and Laser-Pellet Fusion
journal, September 1974

Rayleigh-Taylor Growth Measurements in the Acceleration Phase of Spherical Implosions on OMEGA
journal, September 2009

Direct Observation of Mass Oscillations Due to Ablative Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability in Plastic Targets
journal, December 2001

Measuring Implosion Dynamics through $ρ R$ Evolution in Inertial-Confinement Fusion Experiments
journal, March 2003

Oblique shocks and the combined Rayleigh–Taylor, Kelvin–Helmholtz, and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities
journal, June 1994

Plasma Adiabatic Lapse Rate
journal, August 2012

Atomic mix in directly driven inertial confinement implosions
journal, November 2011

Feedout and Richtmyer–Meshkov instability at large density difference
journal, February 2001

Direct Observation of Mass Oscillations Due to Ablative Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability in Plastic Targets
text, January 2001

Time-Dependent Nuclear Measurements of Mix in Inertial Confinement Fusion
journal, May 2007

Spectrometry of charged particles from inertial-confinement-fusion plasmas
journal, February 2003

Application of fall-line mix models to understand degraded yield
journal, July 2008

Two-dimensional simulations of plastic-shell, direct-drive implosions on OMEGA
journal, March 2005

Laser Compression of Matter to Super-High Densities: Thermonuclear (CTR) Applications
journal, September 1972

Non-linear Rayleigh-Taylor instability in (spherical) laser accelerated targets
journal, March 1987

25 ps neutron detector for measuring ICF‐target burn history
journal, January 1995

Indirect-drive noncryogenic double-shell ignition targets for the National Ignition Facility: Design and analysis
journal, May 2002

Development of the indirect‐drive approach to inertial confinement fusion and the target physics basis for ignition and gain
journal, November 1995

Measurements of an Ablator-Gas Atomic Mix in Indirectly Driven Implosions at the National Ignition Facility
journal, January 2014

HYADES—A plasma hydrodynamics code for dense plasma studies
journal, January 1994

Correlation and transport properties for mixtures at constant pressure and temperature
journal, June 2017

Cherenkov detector analysis for implosions with multiple nuclear reactions
journal, October 2018

Transport properties of an asymmetric mixture in the dense plasma regime
journal, June 2016

Observations of Multiple Nuclear Reaction Histories and Fuel-Ion Species Dynamics in Shock-Driven Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions
journal, January 2019

Kinetic simulations of fusion ignition with hot-spot ablator mix
journal, September 2019

Ion Species Stratification Within Strong Shocks in Two-Ion Plasmas
text, January 2017

Kinetic effects on neutron generation in moderately collisional interpenetrating plasma flows
journal, January 2019

Kinetic mix mechanisms in shock-driven inertial confinement fusion implosions
journal, May 2014

Species separation and kinetic effects in collisional plasma shocks
journal, May 2014

Deciphering the kinetic structure of multi-ion plasma shocks
journal, November 2017

Using a 2-shock 1D platform at NIF to measure the effect of convergence on mix and symmetry
journal, October 2018

Investigation of ion kinetic effects in direct-drive exploding-pusher implosions at the NIF
journal, December 2014

Shock-induced mix across an ideal interface
journal, April 2017

Ion-kinetic simulations of D- ³ He gas-filled inertial confinement fusion target implosions with moderate to large Knudsen number
journal, January 2016

Diffusion-dominated mixing in moderate convergence implosions
journal, June 2018

Plasma kinetic effects on interfacial mix
journal, November 2016

Ion Thermal Decoupling and Species Separation in Shock-Driven Implosions
journal, January 2015

Assessment of ion kinetic effects in shock-driven inertial confinement fusion implosions using fusion burn imaging
journal, June 2015

Self-Similar Structure and Experimental Signatures of Suprathermal Ion Distribution in Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions
journal, September 2015

Fuel-ion diffusion in shock-driven inertial confinement fusion implosions
journal, September 2019

Hybrid particle-in-cell simulations of laser-driven plasma interpenetration, heating, and entrainment
journal, November 2019

Anomalous mix induced by a collisionless shock wave in an inertial confinement fusion hohlraum
journal, August 2019

Ion species stratification within strong shocks in two-ion plasmas
journal, March 2018

Checking the Salpeter enhancement of nuclear reactions at intermediate coupling in asymmetric mixtures
journal, January 2019

Sudden diffusion of turbulent mixing layers in weakly coupled plasmas under compression
journal, December 2019

Deciphering the Kinetic Structure of Multi-Ion Plasma Shocks
text, January 2017

Kinetic physics in ICF: present understanding and future directions
journal, April 2018

The effect of shock dynamics on compressibility of ignition-scale National Ignition Facility implosions
journal, November 2014

Development of the CD Symcap platform to study gas-shell mix in implosions at the National Ignition Facility
journal, September 2014

Yield degradation in inertial-confinement-fusion implosions due to shock-driven kinetic fuel-species stratification and viscous heating
journal, May 2018