Bioconversion of wheat straw cellulose/hemicellulose to ethanol by Saccharomyces uvarum and Pachysolen tannophilus

Journal Article · Sat May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1982 · Biotechnol. Bioeng.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260240507· OSTI ID:6748503

Detroy, R W; Cunningham, R L; Bothast, R J; Bagby, M O; Herman, A

The information presented in this publication represents current research findings on the production of glucose and xylose from straw and subsequent direct fermentation of both sugars to ethanol. Agricultural straw was subjected to thermal or alkali pulping prior to enzymatic saccharification. When wheat straw (WS) was treated at 170 degrees C for 30-60 min at a water-to-solids ratio fo 7:1, the yield of cellulosic pulp was 70-82%. A sodium hydroxide extraction yielded a 60% cellulosic pulp and a hemicellulosic fraction available for fermentation to ethanol. The cellulosic pulps were subjected to cellulase hydrolysis at 55 degrees C for production of sugars to support a 6-C fermentation. Hemicellulose was recovered from the liquor filtrates by acid/alcohol precipitation followed by acid hydrolysis to xylose for fermentation. Subsequent experiments have involved the fermentation of cellulosic and hemicellulosic hydrolysates to ethanol. Apparently these fermentations were inhibited by substances introduced by thermal and alkali treatment of the straws, because ethanol efficiencies of only 40-60% were achieved. Xylose from hydrolysis of wheat straw pentosans supported an ethanol fermentation by Pachysolen tannophilus strain NRRL 2460. This unusual yeast is capable of producing ethanol from both glucose and xylose. Ethanol yields were not maximal due to deleterious substances in the WS hydrolysates. (Refs. 16).

• Research Organization: Northern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Science and Education Administration, US Dept of Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604
• OSTI ID: 6748503
• Journal Information: Biotechnol. Bioeng.; (United States), Vol. 24:5
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

09 BIOMASS FUELS
CELLULOSE
ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS
ETHANOL
BIOSYNTHESIS
GLUCOSE
FERMENTATION
HEMICELLULOSE
STRAW
ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS
XYLOSE
SACCHAROMYCES
USA
WHEAT
YEASTS
ALCOHOLS
ALDEHYDES
BIOCONVERSION
CARBOHYDRATES
CEREALS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DECOMPOSITION
FUNGI
GRAMINEAE
GRASS
HEXOSES
HYDROLYSIS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
LYSIS
MICROORGANISMS
MONOSACCHARIDES
NORTH AMERICA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PENTOSES
PLANTS
POLYSACCHARIDES
SACCHARIDES
SOLVOLYSIS
SYNTHESIS
090222* - Alcohol Fuels- Preparation from Wastes or Biomass- (1976-1989)
140504 - Solar Energy Conversion- Biomass Production & Conversion- (-1989)