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Title: ALUMINUM HYDRIDE: A REVERSIBLE MATERIAL FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE

Abstract

Hydrogen storage is one of the challenges to be overcome for implementing the ever sought hydrogen economy. Here we report a novel cycle to reversibly form high density hydrogen storage materials such as aluminium hydride. Aluminium hydride (AlH{sub 3}, alane) has a hydrogen storage capacity of 10.1 wt% H{sub 2}, 149 kg H{sub 2}/m{sup 3} volumetric density and can be discharged at low temperatures (< 100 C). However, alane has been precluded from use in hydrogen storage systems because of the lack of practical regeneration methods. The direct hydrogenation of aluminium to form AlH{sub 3} requires over 10{sup 5} bars of hydrogen pressure at room temperature and there are no cost effective synthetic means. Here we show an unprecedented reversible cycle to form alane electrochemically, using alkali metal alanates (e.g. NaAlH{sub 4}, LiAlH{sub 4}) in aprotic solvents. To complete the cycle, the starting alanates can be regenerated by direct hydrogenation of the dehydrided alane and the alkali hydride being the other compound formed in the electrochemical cell. The process of forming NaAlH{sub 4} from NaH and Al is well established in both solid state and solution reactions. The use of adducting Lewis bases is an essential part of this cycle,more » in the isolation of alane from the mixtures of the electrochemical cell. Alane is isolated as the triethylamine (TEA) adduct and converted to pure, unsolvated alane by heating under vacuum.« less

Authors:
; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
945393
Report Number(s):
SRNL-STI-2009-00015
TRN: US200903%%117
DOE Contract Number:  
DE-AC09-08SR22470
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Nature
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Nature
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
08 HYDROGEN; ADDUCTS; ALKALI METALS; ALUMINIUM; ALUMINIUM HYDRIDES; CAPACITY; ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS; HEATING; HYDRIDES; HYDROGEN; HYDROGEN STORAGE; HYDROGENATION; LEWIS BASES; MIXTURES; REGENERATION; SOLVENTS

Citation Formats

Zidan, R, Christopher Fewox, C, Brenda Garcia-Diaz, B, and Joshua Gray, J. ALUMINUM HYDRIDE: A REVERSIBLE MATERIAL FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE. United States: N. p., 2009. Web.
Zidan, R, Christopher Fewox, C, Brenda Garcia-Diaz, B, & Joshua Gray, J. ALUMINUM HYDRIDE: A REVERSIBLE MATERIAL FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE. United States.
Zidan, R, Christopher Fewox, C, Brenda Garcia-Diaz, B, and Joshua Gray, J. 2009. "ALUMINUM HYDRIDE: A REVERSIBLE MATERIAL FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/945393.
@article{osti_945393,
title = {ALUMINUM HYDRIDE: A REVERSIBLE MATERIAL FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE},
author = {Zidan, R and Christopher Fewox, C and Brenda Garcia-Diaz, B and Joshua Gray, J},
abstractNote = {Hydrogen storage is one of the challenges to be overcome for implementing the ever sought hydrogen economy. Here we report a novel cycle to reversibly form high density hydrogen storage materials such as aluminium hydride. Aluminium hydride (AlH{sub 3}, alane) has a hydrogen storage capacity of 10.1 wt% H{sub 2}, 149 kg H{sub 2}/m{sup 3} volumetric density and can be discharged at low temperatures (< 100 C). However, alane has been precluded from use in hydrogen storage systems because of the lack of practical regeneration methods. The direct hydrogenation of aluminium to form AlH{sub 3} requires over 10{sup 5} bars of hydrogen pressure at room temperature and there are no cost effective synthetic means. Here we show an unprecedented reversible cycle to form alane electrochemically, using alkali metal alanates (e.g. NaAlH{sub 4}, LiAlH{sub 4}) in aprotic solvents. To complete the cycle, the starting alanates can be regenerated by direct hydrogenation of the dehydrided alane and the alkali hydride being the other compound formed in the electrochemical cell. The process of forming NaAlH{sub 4} from NaH and Al is well established in both solid state and solution reactions. The use of adducting Lewis bases is an essential part of this cycle, in the isolation of alane from the mixtures of the electrochemical cell. Alane is isolated as the triethylamine (TEA) adduct and converted to pure, unsolvated alane by heating under vacuum.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/945393}, journal = {Nature},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jan 09 00:00:00 EST 2009},
month = {Fri Jan 09 00:00:00 EST 2009}
}