Low-Chrome/Chrome Free Refractories for Slagging Gasifiers
Gasifiers are containment vessels used to react carbon-containing materials with oxygen and water, producing syngas (CO and H2) that is used in chemical and power production. It is also a potential source of H2 in a future hydrogen economy. Air cooled slagging gasifiers are one type of gasifier, operating at temperatures from 1275-1575º C and at pressures of 400 psi or higher. They typically use coal or petroleum coke as the carbon source, materials which contain ash impurities that liquefy at the gasification temperatures, producing liquid slag in quantities of 100 or more tons/day, depending on the carbon fed rate and the percent ash present in the feedstock. The molten slag is corrosive to refractory linings, causing chemical dissolution and spalling. The refractory lining is composed of chrome oxide, alumina, and zirconia; and is replaced every 3-24 months. Gasifier users would like greater on-line availability and reliability of gasifier liners, something that has impacted gasifier acceptance by industry. Research is underway at NETL to improve refractory service life and to develop a no-chrome or low-chrome oxide alternative refractory liner. Over 250 samples of no- or low-chrome oxide compositions have been evaluated for slag interactions by cup testing; with potential candidates for further studies including those with ZrO2, Al2O3, and MgO materials. The development of improved liner materials is necessary if technologies such as IGCC and DOE’s Near Zero Emissions Advanced Fossil Fuel Power Plant are to be successful and move forward in the marketplace.
- Research Organization:
- National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), Pittsburgh, PA, Morgantown, WV, and Albany, OR (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE - Office of Fossil Energy (FE)
- DOE Contract Number:
- None cited
- OSTI ID:
- 923057
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/NETL-IR-2006-119; R&D Project: AMP-018; TRN: US0801961
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 20th Annual Conference on Fossil Energy Materials, Knoxville, TN, June 12-14, 2006
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
02 PETROLEUM
08 HYDROGEN
09 BIOMASS FUELS
10 SYNTHETIC FUELS
20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS
CARBON
CARBON SOURCES
COAL
COKE
CONTAINMENT
DISSOLUTION
FOSSIL FUELS
GASIFICATION
HYDROGEN
IMPURITIES
LINERS
OXIDES
OXYGEN
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POWER GENERATION
POWER PLANTS
REFRACTORIES
SERVICE LIFE
SLAGS
gasifiers
syngas
corrosion
refractory lining
chrome
fossil fuel power plant