Verification and Validation of The Tritium Transport Code TMAP7
The TMAP Code was written at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory in the late 1980s as a tool for safety analysis of systems involving tritium. Since then it has been upgraded several times and has been used in numerous applications including experiments supporting fusion safety, predictions for advanced systems such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), and estimates involving tritium production technologies. Its most recent upgrade to TMAP7 was accomplished in response to several needs. Prior versions had the capacity to deal with only a single trap for diffusing gaseous species in solid structures. TMAP7 includes up to three separate traps and up to 10 diffusing species. The original code had difficulty dealing with heteronuclear molecule formation such as HD and DT. That has been removed. Under pre-specified boundary enclosure conditions and solution-law dependent diffusion boundary conditions, such as Sieverts' law, TMAP7 automatically generates heteronuclear molecular partial pressures when solubilities and partial pressures of the homonuclear molecular species are provided for law-dependent diffusion boundary conditions. A further sophistication is the addition of non-diffusing surface species. Atoms such as oxygen or nitrogen or formation of hydroxyl radicals on metal surfaces are sometimes important in molecule formation with diffusing hydrogen isotopes but do not, themselves, diffuse appreciably in the material. TMAP7 will accommodate up to 30 such surface species, allowing the user to specify relationships between those surface concentrations and partial pressures of gaseous species above the surfaces or to form them dynamically by combining diffusion species or other surface species. Additionally, TMAP7 allows the user to include a surface binding energy and an adsorption barrier energy and includes asymmetrical diffusion between the surface sites and regular diffusion sites in the bulk. All of the previously existing features for heat transfer, flows between enclosures, and chemical reactions within the enclosures have been retained, but the allowed problem size and complexity have been increased to take advantage of the greater memory and speed available on modern computers. One additional feature unique to TMAP7 is radioactive decay for both trapped and mobile species. Recently, TMAP7 has undergone verification and validation processes to ensure its performance in a wide variety of problems. This paper describes the use and new capabilities of TMAP7 and presents results of verification and validation testing.
- Research Organization:
- Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- DOE - SC
- DOE Contract Number:
- DE-AC07-99ID-13727
- OSTI ID:
- 910833
- Report Number(s):
- INEEL/CON-04-01593; TRN: US0800562
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 7th International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology,Baden-Baden, Germany,09/12/2004,09/17/2004
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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11 - NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS
12 - MGMT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES
70 - PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
BINDING ENERGY
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DIFFUSION
EXPERIMENTAL REACTORS
HEAT TRANSFER
HYDROGEN ISOTOPES
HYDROXYL RADICALS
PARTIAL PRESSURE
SAFETY ANALYSIS
TRANSPORT
TRITIUM
VALIDATION
VERIFICATION
Fusion
Model
Safety
Transport
Tritium