skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Combined Plate Motion and Density Driven Flow in the Asthenosphere beneath Saudi Arabia: Evidence from Shearwave Splitting and Seismic Anisotropy

Journal Article · · The Geological Society of America, vol. 34, no. 10, October 1, 2006, pp. 869-872
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1130/G22713.1· OSTI ID:900121

Mantle anisotropy along the Red Sea and across the Arabian Peninsula was analyzed using shear-wave splitting recorded by stations from three different seismic networks: the largest, most widely distributed array of stations examined across the Arabian Peninsula to date. Stations near the Gulf of Aqaba display fast orientations aligned parallel to the Dead Sea Transform Fault, most likely related to the strike-slip motion between Africa and Arabia However, most of our observations across Arabia are statistically the same (at a 95% confidence level), with north-south oriented fast directions and delay times averaging about 1.4 s. Since end-member models of fossilized anisotropy and present-day asthenospheric flow do not adequately explain these observations, we interpret them as a combination of plate and density driven flow in the asthenosphere. Combining northeast oriented flow associated with absolute plate motion with northwest oriented flow associated with the channelized Afar upwelling along the Red Sea produces a north-south resultant that matches the observations and supports models of active rifting.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
DOE Contract Number:
W-7405-ENG-48
OSTI ID:
900121
Report Number(s):
UCRL-JRNL-224375; TRN: US200709%%401
Journal Information:
The Geological Society of America, vol. 34, no. 10, October 1, 2006, pp. 869-872, Journal Name: The Geological Society of America, vol. 34, no. 10, October 1, 2006, pp. 869-872
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (29)

Volcanic activity in the Red Sea axial trough — evidence for a large mantle diapir? journal July 1988
Shear zones in the Proterozoic lithosphere of the Arabian Shield and the nature of the Hales discontinuity journal August 2000
Upwelling asthenosphere beneath western Arabia and its regional implications journal January 1992
Lithospheric structure of the Arabian Shield and Platform from complete regional waveform modelling and surface wave group velocities journal September 1999
GPS constraints on Africa (Nubia) and Arabia plate motions journal October 2003
Variations in SKS splitting across western Canada journal January 1995
Young tracks of hotspots and current plate velocities journal August 2002
Shear-wave splitting across western Saudi Arabia: The pattern of upper mantle anisotropy at a Proterozoic Shield journal March 1999
Regional seismic wave propagation (Lg and Sn) and Pn attenuation in the Arabian Plate and surrounding regions journal May 2004
Red Sea related history of extension and magmatism in the Jizan area (Southwest Saudi Arabia): indication for simple-shear during early Red Sea rifting journal February 1988
Seismic evidence for a deeply rooted low-velocity anomaly in the upper mantle beneath the northeastern Afro/Arabian continent journal December 2001
South Atlantic hot spot-plume systems: 1. Distribution of volcanism in time and space journal October 1992
The Mantle Flow Field Beneath Western North America journal February 2002
Uniform-sense normal simple shear of the continental lithosphere journal January 1985
On the relation between seismic anisotropy and finite strain journal January 1992
Lithospheric seismic velocity discontinuities beneath the Arabian Shield journal August 1998
Configuration of the Seismographic Networks in Saudi Arabia journal May 1999
Delay times and shear wave splitting in the Mediterranean region journal October 2004
Shear wave splitting and subcontinental mantle deformation journal January 1991
Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic variations along the Gulf of Aden: Evidence for Afar Mantle Plume-Continental Lithosphere Interaction journal January 1992
Mantle flow, dynamic topography, and rift-flank uplift of Arabia journal January 2003
A Broadband Seismic Deployment in Jordan journal July 2003
Global patterns of azimuthal anisotropy and deformations in the continental mantle journal December 1992
Cenozoic magmatism throughout east Africa resulting from impact of a single plume journal October 1998
SKS splitting beneath continental rift zones journal October 1997
Global Positioning System measurements of present-day crustal movements in the Arabia-Africa-Eurasia plate collision zone journal May 1997
Pan-African microplate accretion of the Arabian Shield journal January 1985
Saudi Arabian seismic-refraction profile: A traveltime interpretation of crustal and upper mantle structure journal February 1985
Interpretation of SKS-waves using samples from the subcontinental lithosphere journal July 1993