Carbon Dioxide Sequestration by Direct Mineral Carbonation: Results from Recent Studies and Current Status
Direct mineral carbonation has been investigated as a process to convert gaseous CO2 into a geologically stable, solid final form. The process utilizes a solution of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), sodium chloride (NaCl), and water, mixed with a mineral reactant, such as olivine (Mg2SiO4) or serpentine [Mg3Si2O5(OH)4]. Carbon dioxide is dissolved into this slurry, by diffusion through the surface and gas dispersion within the aqueous phase. The process includes dissolution of the mineral and precipitation of magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) in a single unit operation. Optimum results have been achieved using heat pretreated serpentine feed material, with a surface area of roughly 19 m2 per gram, and high partial pressure of CO2 (PCO2). Specific conditions include: 155?C; PCO2=185 atm; 15% solids. Under these conditions, 78% stoichiometric conversion of the silicate to the carbonate was achieved in 30 minutes. Studies suggest that the mineral dissolution rate is primarily surface controlled, while the carbonate precipitation rate is primarily dependent on the bicarbonate concentration of the slurry. Current studies include further examination of the reaction pathways, and an evaluation of the resource potential for the magnesium silicate reactant, particularly olivine. Additional studies include the examination of various pretreatment options, the development of a continuous flow reactor, and an evaluation of the economic feasibility of the process.
- Research Organization:
- Albany Research Center (ARC), Albany, OR (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE - Office of Fossil Energy (FE)
- OSTI ID:
- 897125
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/ARC-2001-029; R&D Project: AMP-008; TRN: US200704%%543
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: First National Conference on Carbon Sequestration, Washington, DC, May 14-17, 2001; Related Information: DOE/NETL-2002-1144 (for proceedings)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
58 GEOSCIENCES
37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
ACID CARBONATES
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
CARBONATES
DIFFUSION
DISSOLUTION
MAGNESIUM CARBONATES
MAGNESIUM SILICATES
OLIVINE
PARTIAL PRESSURE
PRECIPITATION
RESOURCE POTENTIAL
SERPENTINE
SILICATES
SODIUM
SODIUM CHLORIDES
SURFACE AREA
WATER
carbon dioxide
sequestration
mineral carbonation