CO2 storage in solid form: a study of direct mineral carbonation
Abstract
Direct mineral carbonation by an ex-situ process in an aqueous system has been investigated over the past two years. The process utilizes a slurry of water mixed with a magnesium silicate mineral, such as olivine [forsterite end member (Mg2SiO4)], or serpentine [Mg3Si2O5(OH)4]. This slurry is reacted with sub- or supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) to produce magnesite (MgCO3). The CO2 is dissolved in water to form carbonic acid (H2CO3), which dissociates to H+ and HCO3-. The H+ ion hydrolyzes the mineral, liberating Mg2+ cations which react with the bicarbonate to form the solid carbonate. Results of the baseline tests, conducted on ground products of the natural minerals, have demonstrated that the kinetics of the reaction are slow at ambient temperature (22 C) and subcritical CO2 pressures (below 73 atm). However, at elevated temperature and pressure, coupled with continuous stirring of the slurry and gas dispersion within the water column, significant conversion to the carbonate occurs. Extent of reaction is roughly 90% within 24 hours, at 185 C and partial pressure of CO2 (PCO2) of 115 atm. Heat pretreatment of the serpentine, coupled with bicarbonate and salt additions to the solution, improve reaction kinetics, resulting in an extent of reaction of roughlymore »
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Albany Research Center (ARC), Albany, OR (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE - Office of Fossil Energy (FE)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 896225
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/ARC-2000-011
AMP-008; TRN: US200703%%635
- Resource Type:
- Conference
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 5th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies, Cairns, Australia, Aug. 14-18, 2000
- Country of Publication:
- Australia
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 58 GEOSCIENCES; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; ACID CARBONATES; AMBIENT TEMPERATURE; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBONATES; CARBONIC ACID; CATIONS; GREENHOUSE GASES; KINETICS; MAGNESIUM SILICATES; OLIVINE; PARTIAL PRESSURE; REACTION KINETICS; SERPENTINE; STIRRING; STORAGE; mineral carbonation; olivine; serpentine; carbon dioxide
Citation Formats
O'Connor, William K, Dahlin, David C, Nilsen, David N, Rush, G E, Walters, Richard P, and Turner, Paul C. CO2 storage in solid form: a study of direct mineral carbonation. Australia: N. p., 2000.
Web.
O'Connor, William K, Dahlin, David C, Nilsen, David N, Rush, G E, Walters, Richard P, & Turner, Paul C. CO2 storage in solid form: a study of direct mineral carbonation. Australia.
O'Connor, William K, Dahlin, David C, Nilsen, David N, Rush, G E, Walters, Richard P, and Turner, Paul C. 2000.
"CO2 storage in solid form: a study of direct mineral carbonation". Australia. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/896225.
@article{osti_896225,
title = {CO2 storage in solid form: a study of direct mineral carbonation},
author = {O'Connor, William K and Dahlin, David C and Nilsen, David N and Rush, G E and Walters, Richard P and Turner, Paul C},
abstractNote = {Direct mineral carbonation by an ex-situ process in an aqueous system has been investigated over the past two years. The process utilizes a slurry of water mixed with a magnesium silicate mineral, such as olivine [forsterite end member (Mg2SiO4)], or serpentine [Mg3Si2O5(OH)4]. This slurry is reacted with sub- or supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) to produce magnesite (MgCO3). The CO2 is dissolved in water to form carbonic acid (H2CO3), which dissociates to H+ and HCO3-. The H+ ion hydrolyzes the mineral, liberating Mg2+ cations which react with the bicarbonate to form the solid carbonate. Results of the baseline tests, conducted on ground products of the natural minerals, have demonstrated that the kinetics of the reaction are slow at ambient temperature (22 C) and subcritical CO2 pressures (below 73 atm). However, at elevated temperature and pressure, coupled with continuous stirring of the slurry and gas dispersion within the water column, significant conversion to the carbonate occurs. Extent of reaction is roughly 90% within 24 hours, at 185 C and partial pressure of CO2 (PCO2) of 115 atm. Heat pretreatment of the serpentine, coupled with bicarbonate and salt additions to the solution, improve reaction kinetics, resulting in an extent of reaction of roughly 80% within 0.5 hours, at 155 C and PCO2 of 185 atm. Subsequent tests are intended to examine various pretreatment options, the carbonation solution characteristics, as well as other mineral groups.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/896225},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {Australia},
year = {Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2000},
month = {Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2000}
}