Solid-Solid Phase Transition Kinetics of FOX-7
Abstract
Since it was developed in the late 1990s, 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7), with lower sensitivity and comparable performance to RDX, has received increasing interest. This paper will present our results for the phase changes of FOX-7 using DSC and HFC (Heat Flow Calorimetry). DSC thermal curves recorded at linear heating rates of 0.10, 0.35 and 1.0 C min{sup -1} show two endothermic peaks and two exothermic peaks. The two endothermic peaks represent solid-solid phase transitions, which have been observed in the literature at 114 C ({beta}-{gamma}) and 159 C ({gamma}-{delta}) by both DSC and XPD (X-ray powder diffraction) measurements. The first transition shifts from 114.5 to 115.8 C as the heating rate increases from 0.10 to 1.0 C min{sup -1}, while the second transition shifts from 158.5 to 160.4 C. Cyclical heating experiments show the endotherms and exotherms for a first heating through the {gamma} phase to the {delta} phase, a cooling and reversion to the {alpha} or {beta} phase, and a second heating to the {gamma} and {delta} phases. The data are interpreted using kinetic models with thermodynamic constraints.
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 881644
- Report Number(s):
- UCRL-CONF-213671
TRN: US200613%%48
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-48
- Resource Type:
- Conference
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: Presented at: 2005 NATAS Annual Conference, Universal City, CA, United States, Sep 18 - Sep 21, 2005
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; CALORIMETRY; DIFFRACTION; HEATING; HEATING RATE; KINETICS; PERFORMANCE; SENSITIVITY; THERMODYNAMICS
Citation Formats
Burnham, A K, Weese, R K, Wang, R, Kwok, Q M, and Jones, D G. Solid-Solid Phase Transition Kinetics of FOX-7. United States: N. p., 2005.
Web.
Burnham, A K, Weese, R K, Wang, R, Kwok, Q M, & Jones, D G. Solid-Solid Phase Transition Kinetics of FOX-7. United States.
Burnham, A K, Weese, R K, Wang, R, Kwok, Q M, and Jones, D G. 2005.
"Solid-Solid Phase Transition Kinetics of FOX-7". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/881644.
@article{osti_881644,
title = {Solid-Solid Phase Transition Kinetics of FOX-7},
author = {Burnham, A K and Weese, R K and Wang, R and Kwok, Q M and Jones, D G},
abstractNote = {Since it was developed in the late 1990s, 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7), with lower sensitivity and comparable performance to RDX, has received increasing interest. This paper will present our results for the phase changes of FOX-7 using DSC and HFC (Heat Flow Calorimetry). DSC thermal curves recorded at linear heating rates of 0.10, 0.35 and 1.0 C min{sup -1} show two endothermic peaks and two exothermic peaks. The two endothermic peaks represent solid-solid phase transitions, which have been observed in the literature at 114 C ({beta}-{gamma}) and 159 C ({gamma}-{delta}) by both DSC and XPD (X-ray powder diffraction) measurements. The first transition shifts from 114.5 to 115.8 C as the heating rate increases from 0.10 to 1.0 C min{sup -1}, while the second transition shifts from 158.5 to 160.4 C. Cyclical heating experiments show the endotherms and exotherms for a first heating through the {gamma} phase to the {delta} phase, a cooling and reversion to the {alpha} or {beta} phase, and a second heating to the {gamma} and {delta} phases. The data are interpreted using kinetic models with thermodynamic constraints.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/881644},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jul 12 00:00:00 EDT 2005},
month = {Tue Jul 12 00:00:00 EDT 2005}
}