Chemical protection against ionizing radiation. Final report

Technical Report · Wed Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 1984

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/6215269· OSTI ID:6215269

Livesey, J C; Reed, D J; Adamson, L F

The scientific literature on radiation-protective drugs is reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the mechanisms involved in determining the sensitivity of biological material to ionizing radiation and mechanisms of chemical radioprotection. In Section I, the types of radiation are described and the effects of ionizing radiation on biological systems are reviewed. The effects of ionizing radiation are briefly contrasted with the effects of non-ionizing radiation. Section II reviews the contributions of various natural factors which influence the inherent radiosensitivity of biological systems. Inlcuded in the list of these factors are water, oxygen, thiols, vitamins and antioxidants. Brief attention is given to the model describing competition between oxygen and natural radioprotective substances (principally, thiols) in determining the net cellular radiosensitivity. Several theories of the mechanism(s) of action of radioprotective drugs are described in Section III. These mechanisms include the production of hypoxia, detoxication of radiochemical reactive species, stabilization of the radiobiological target and the enhancement of damage repair processes. Section IV describes the current strategies for the treatment of radiation injury. Likely areas in which fruitful research might be performed are described in Section V. 495 references.

• Research Organization: Oregon State Univ., Corvallis (USA). Environmental Health Sciences Center
• DOE Contract Number: W-7405-ENG-48
• OSTI ID: 6215269
• Report Number(s): UCRL-15644; ON: DE85006145
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
RADIOPROTECTIVE SUBSTANCES
REVIEWS
BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
OXYGEN ENHANCEMENT RATIO
RADIOSENSITIVITY
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CHEMISTRY
DOCUMENT TYPES
DRUGS
MATERIALS
RADIATION EFFECTS
560100* - Biomedical Sciences
Applied Studies- Radiation Effects