On-line tests of organic additives for the inhibition of the precipitation of silica from hypersaline geothermal brine IV. Final tests of candidate additives
The Lawrence Livermore Laboratory Brine Treatment Test System at Niland, Imperial Valley, California, has been used to evaluate a number of cationic polymers and surfactants as scale control agents. An initial group of compounds was narrowed to four on the basis of their activity as silica precipitation inhibitors. Three of these and certain combinations of compounds were then given a 40-h test to determine their effectiveness in retarding scales formed at 220, 125, and 90/sup 0/C. The best single compound was Corcat P-18 (Cordova Chemical Co. polyethylene imine, M.W. approx. = 1800). It had no effect on the scale at 220/sup 0/C, but it reduced the scales at 125 and 90/sup 0/C by factors of 4 and 18, respectively, and it also has activity as a corrosion inhibitor. Other promising compounds are PAE HCl (Dynapol poly(aminoethylene, HCl salt)), which also somewhat reduces the 220/sup 0/C scale; Ethoquad 18/25 (Armak methyl polyoxyethylene(15) octadecylammonium chloride); and Mirapol A-15 (a Miranol Chemical polydiquaternary compound). The best additive formulation for the brines of the Salton Sea Geothermal Field appears to be a mixture of one of these silica precipitation inhibitors with a small amount of hydrochloric acid and a phosphonate crystalline deposit inhibitor. Speculations are presented as to the mechanism of inhibition of silica precipitation and recommendations for further testing of these additives.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-48
- OSTI ID:
- 5647656
- Report Number(s):
- UCID-18536
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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On-line tests of organic additives for the inhibition of the precipitation of silica from hypersaline geothermal brine II. Tests of nitrogen-containing compounds, silanes, and additional ethoxylated compounds
On-line tests of organic additives for the inhibition of the precipitation of silica from hypersaline geothermal brine
Related Subjects
BRINES
SCALE CONTROL
CORROSION INHIBITORS
TESTING
SILICA
PRECIPITATION
ADDITIVES
CHLORIDES
HASTELLOYS
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
IMINES
INHIBITION
POLYETHYLENES
POLYMERS
SALTON SEA GEOTHERMAL FIELD
SCALING
STEELS
SURFACTANTS
TEFLON
ALLOYS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
FLUORINATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
GEOTHERMAL FIELDS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
HEAT RESISTANT MATERIALS
HEAT RESISTING ALLOYS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INORGANIC ACIDS
IRON ALLOYS
IRON BASE ALLOYS
MATERIALS
MINERALS
MOLYBDENUM ALLOYS
NICKEL ALLOYS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC FLUORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC POLYMERS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PETROCHEMICALS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PLASTICS
POLYOLEFINS
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SILICON OXIDES
Geothermal Legacy
150903* - Geothermal Engineering- Corrosion
Scaling & Materials Development