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Title: Analysis of cracking of co-extruded recovery boiler floor tubes

Abstract

Cracking of the stainless steel layer in co-extruded 304L/SA210 tubing used in black liquor recovery boilers is being found in an ever-increasing number of North American pulp and paper mills. Because of the possibility of a tube failure, this is a significant safety issue, and, because of the extra time required for tube inspection and repair, this can become an economic issue as well. In a project funded by the U.S. Department of Energy and given wide support among paper companies, boiler manufacturers, and tube fabricators, studies are being conducted to determine the cause of the cracking and to identify alternate materials and/or operating procedures to prevent tube cracking. Examination of cracked tubes has permitted characterization of crack features, and transmission electron microscopy is providing information about the thermal history, particularly cyclic thermal exposures, that tubes have experienced. Neutron and x-ray diffraction techniques are being used to determine the residual stresses in as-fabricated tube panels and exposed tubes, and finite element modeling is providing information about the stresses the tubes experience during operation. Laboratory studies are being conducted to determine the susceptibility of the co-extruded 304L/SA210 tubes to stress corrosion cracking, thermal fatigue, and corrosion in molten smelt. This papermore » presents the current status of these studies. On the basis of all of these studies, recommendations for means to prevent tube cracking will be offered.« less

Authors:
; ;  [1]
  1. and others
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Washington, DC (United States)
OSTI Identifier:
527887
Report Number(s):
CONF-971060-1
ON: DE97007761; TRN: 97:005153
DOE Contract Number:  
AC05-96OR22464
Resource Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI) conference, Nashville, TN (United States), 5 Oct 1997; Other Information: PBD: 1997
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; TUBES; CRACK PROPAGATION; THERMAL FATIGUE; STRESS CORROSION; BOILERS; SPENT LIQUORS; PAPER INDUSTRY; STAINLESS STEEL-304L

Citation Formats

Keiser, J R, Taljat, B, and Wang, X L. Analysis of cracking of co-extruded recovery boiler floor tubes. United States: N. p., 1997. Web.
Keiser, J R, Taljat, B, & Wang, X L. Analysis of cracking of co-extruded recovery boiler floor tubes. United States.
Keiser, J R, Taljat, B, and Wang, X L. 1997. "Analysis of cracking of co-extruded recovery boiler floor tubes". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/527887.
@article{osti_527887,
title = {Analysis of cracking of co-extruded recovery boiler floor tubes},
author = {Keiser, J R and Taljat, B and Wang, X L},
abstractNote = {Cracking of the stainless steel layer in co-extruded 304L/SA210 tubing used in black liquor recovery boilers is being found in an ever-increasing number of North American pulp and paper mills. Because of the possibility of a tube failure, this is a significant safety issue, and, because of the extra time required for tube inspection and repair, this can become an economic issue as well. In a project funded by the U.S. Department of Energy and given wide support among paper companies, boiler manufacturers, and tube fabricators, studies are being conducted to determine the cause of the cracking and to identify alternate materials and/or operating procedures to prevent tube cracking. Examination of cracked tubes has permitted characterization of crack features, and transmission electron microscopy is providing information about the thermal history, particularly cyclic thermal exposures, that tubes have experienced. Neutron and x-ray diffraction techniques are being used to determine the residual stresses in as-fabricated tube panels and exposed tubes, and finite element modeling is providing information about the stresses the tubes experience during operation. Laboratory studies are being conducted to determine the susceptibility of the co-extruded 304L/SA210 tubes to stress corrosion cracking, thermal fatigue, and corrosion in molten smelt. This paper presents the current status of these studies. On the basis of all of these studies, recommendations for means to prevent tube cracking will be offered.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/527887}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 1997},
month = {Fri Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 1997}
}

Conference:
Other availability
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