U.S. Department of EnergyOffice of Scientific and Technical Information
Desalination with carbon aerogel electrodes
Abstract
An electrically regenerated electrosorption process known as carbon aerogel CDI was developed for continuously removing ionic impurities from aqueous streams. A salt solution flows in a channel formed by pairs of parallel carbon aerogel electrodes. Each electrode has a very high BET surface area and very low resistivity. After polarization, anions and cations are removed from electrolyte by the electric field and electrosorbed onto the carbon aerogel. The solution is thus separated into two streams, brine and water. Based on this, carbon aerogel CDI appears to be an energy-efficient alternative to evaporation, electrodialysis, and reverse osmosis. The energy required by this process is about QV/2, plus losses. Estimated energy requirement for sea water desalination is 18-27 Wh gal{sup -1}, depending on cell voltage and flow rate. The requirement for brackish water desalination is less, 1.2-2.5 Wh gal{sup -1} at 1600 ppM. This is assuming that stored electrical energy is reclaimed during regeneration.
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 515979
- Report Number(s):
- UCRL-ID-125298
ON: DE97053441
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-48
- Resource Type:
- Technical Report
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: PBD: 21 Oct 1996
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 40 CHEMISTRY; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; DESALINATION; ELECTROLYSIS; SEAWATER; BRINES; GELS; CARBON; ELECTRODES
Citation Formats
Farmer, J C, Richardson, J H, and Fix, D V. Desalination with carbon aerogel electrodes. United States: N. p., 1996.
Web. doi:10.2172/515979.
Farmer, J C, Richardson, J H, & Fix, D V. Desalination with carbon aerogel electrodes. United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/515979
Farmer, J C, Richardson, J H, and Fix, D V. 1996.
"Desalination with carbon aerogel electrodes". United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/515979. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/515979.
@article{osti_515979,
title = {Desalination with carbon aerogel electrodes},
author = {Farmer, J C and Richardson, J H and Fix, D V},
abstractNote = {An electrically regenerated electrosorption process known as carbon aerogel CDI was developed for continuously removing ionic impurities from aqueous streams. A salt solution flows in a channel formed by pairs of parallel carbon aerogel electrodes. Each electrode has a very high BET surface area and very low resistivity. After polarization, anions and cations are removed from electrolyte by the electric field and electrosorbed onto the carbon aerogel. The solution is thus separated into two streams, brine and water. Based on this, carbon aerogel CDI appears to be an energy-efficient alternative to evaporation, electrodialysis, and reverse osmosis. The energy required by this process is about QV/2, plus losses. Estimated energy requirement for sea water desalination is 18-27 Wh gal{sup -1}, depending on cell voltage and flow rate. The requirement for brackish water desalination is less, 1.2-2.5 Wh gal{sup -1} at 1600 ppM. This is assuming that stored electrical energy is reclaimed during regeneration.},
doi = {10.2172/515979},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/515979},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Oct 21 00:00:00 EDT 1996},
month = {Mon Oct 21 00:00:00 EDT 1996}
}