In situ chemical degradation of DNAPLS in contaminated soils and sediments
- Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)
An emerging approach to in situ treatment of organic contaminants is chemical degradation. The specific processes discussed in this chapter are in situ chemical oxidation using either hydrogen peroxide (H{sub 2}O{sub 2}) or potassium permanganate (KMnO{sub 4}) and in situ dechlorination of halogenated hydrocarbons using zero-valence base metals such as iron. These technologies are primarily chemical treatment processes, where the treatment goal is to manipulate the chemistry of the subsurface environment in such a manner that the contaminants of interest are destroyed and/or rendered non-toxic. Chemical properties that can be altered include pH, ionic strength, oxidation and reduction potential, and chemical equilibria. In situ contaminant destruction processes alter or destroy contaminants in place and are typically applied to compounds that can be either converted to innocuous species such as CO{sub 2} and water, or can be degraded to species that are non-toxic or amenable to other in situ processes (i.e., bioremediation). With in situ chemical oxidation, the delivery and distribution of chemical reagents are critical to process effectiveness. In contrast, published approaches for the use of zero valence base metals suggest passive approaches in which the metals are used in a permeable reaction wall installed in situ in the saturated zone. Both types of processes are receiving increasing attention and are being applied both in technology demonstration and as final solutions to subsurface contaminant problems. 43 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 447163
- Report Number(s):
- ORNL/TM-13305; ON: DE97050722; TRN: 97:001173-0004
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: PBD: Aug 1996; Related Information: Is Part Of In situ remediation of DNAPL compounds in low permeability media fate/transport, in situ control technologies, and risk reduction; PB: 318 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Initial Results of ISCO for a Large TCE DNAPL Source Area
A field-scale test of in situ chemical oxidation through recirculation