Ultrasonic nondestructive diagnosis of lithium-ion batteries with multiple frequencies

Sun, Hongbin; Muralidharan, Nitin; Amin, Ruhul; Rathod, Vivek; Ramuhalli, Pradeep; Belharouak, Ilias

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232091

Title: Ultrasonic nondestructive diagnosis of lithium-ion batteries with multiple frequencies

Journal Article · Mon Sep 26 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Journal of Power Sources

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232091· OSTI ID:1890336

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Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Accurately estimating the state of charge (SoC) in battery management systems (BMSs) requires the measurement of numerous parameters and advanced algorithms. This work studies multifrequency ultrasonic waves to estimate the SoC of Li-ion batteries by sensing the material changes during charge/discharge. A pouch-type LiNi_0.6Mn_0.2Co_0.2O₂ (NMC622) graphite battery cell is designed and fabricated with a capacity of 2.4 Ah. Different ultrasonic testing setups are explored to determine the optimal testing parameters for the battery. An ultrasonic monitoring system is developed to monitor the battery during charge/discharge at 750 kHz, 1 MHz, and 1.5 MHz. Signal processing algorithms are proposed for extracting three ultrasonic features—amplitude, wave velocity, and attenuation. In a three-cycle test, the amplitude histories do not show clear correlations with the SoC. The wave velocities of all three frequencies have an approximately linear relationship with the SoC, which can be used for SoC estimation. Hysteresis behavior is observed for the wave velocity in terms of a larger slope in the discharge process and velocity drop after a close charge/discharge cycle. The wave attenuation is able to capture the material phase transitions during charge/discharge.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1890336

Journal Information:: Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 549, Issue 1; ISSN 0378-7753

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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