Bulk nanocrystalline Al alloys with hierarchical reinforcement structures via grain boundary segregation and complexion formation

Lei, Tianjiao; Shin, Jungho; Gianola, Daniel S.; Rupert, Timothy J.

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2021.117394

Title: Bulk nanocrystalline Al alloys with hierarchical reinforcement structures via grain boundary segregation and complexion formation

Journal Article · Wed Oct 13 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Acta Materialia

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.117394· OSTI ID:1843773

^[1]; Shin, Jungho ^[2];

^[2]; Rupert, Timothy J. ^[1]

Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)

Grain size engineering, particularly reducing grain size into the nanocrystalline regime, offers a promising pathway to further improve the strength-to-weight ratio of Al alloys. Unfortunately, the fabrication of nanocrystalline metals often requires non-equilibrium processing routes, which typically limit the specimen size and require large energy budgets. In this study, multiple dopant elements in ternary Al alloys are deliberately selected to enable segregation to the grain boundary region and promote the formation of amorphous complexions. Three different fully dense bulk nanocrystalline Al alloys (Al-Mg-Y, Al-Fe-Y, and Al-Ni-Y) with small grain sizes were successfully fabricated using a simple powder metallurgy approach, with full densification connected directly to the onset of amorphous complexion formation. All the compositions demonstrate densities above 99% with grain sizes <60 nm following consolidation via hot pressing at 585 °C. The very fine grain structure results in excellent mechanical properties, as evidenced by nanoindentation hardness values in the range of 2.2-2.8 GPa. Detailed microstructural characterization verifies the segregation of all dopant species to grain boundaries as well as the formation of amorphous complexions, which suggests their influential role in aiding effective consolidation and endowing thermal stability in the alloys. Moreover, nanorods with a core-shell structure are also observed at the grain boundaries, which likely contribute to the stabilization of the grain structure while also strengthening the materials. Lastly, intermetallic particles with sizes of hundreds of nanometers form in all systems. As a whole, the results presented here demonstrate a general alloy design strategy of segregation and boundary evolution pathway that enables the fabrication of multiple nanocrystalline Al alloys with hierarchical microstructures and improved performance.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Energy Efficiency Office. Advanced Manufacturing Office

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0009114

OSTI ID:: 1843773

Journal Information:: Acta Materialia, Vol. 221; ISSN 1359-6454

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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