Corrosion resistance of functionally graded TiN/Ti coatings for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Silva, F. C.; Prada Ramirez, O. M.; Tunes, M. A.; Edmondson, P. D.; Sagás, J. C.; Fontana, L. C.; de Melo, H. G.; Schön, C. G.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.037

Title: Corrosion resistance of functionally graded TiN/Ti coatings for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Journal Article · Thu Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.037· OSTI ID:1787009

^[1]; Prada Ramirez, O. M. ^[2];

^[3]; Edmondson, P. D. ^[4]; Sagás, J. C. ^[5];

^[5]; de Melo, H. G. ^[2];

^[2]

Univ. of Sao Paulo (Brazil). Escola Politecnica. Dept. de Engenharia Metalurgica e de Materiais; Centro Estadual de Educacao Tecnologica “Paula Souza”, Sao Paulo (Brazil). Faculdade de Tecnologia de Cotia
Univ. of Sao Paulo (Brazil). Escola Politecnica. Dept. de Engenharia Metalurgica e de Materiais
Montanuniversitaet Leoben (Austria)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science and Technology Division
Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Joinville-SC (Brazil). Lab. of Plasmas, Films and Surfaces

Bipolar Plates (BPP) are important components of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stacks. In the development of innovative fuel cell designs, it is advantageous to use aluminum for these applications, however, this material lacks the necessary corrosion resistance. Since the performance of PEMFC stacks depends on BPP properties, in particular, corrosion resistance, depositing titanium nitride (TiN) thin films onto aluminum substrates may improve their efficiency and durability. Present work focuses on improving corrosion resistance and hydrophobicity of TiN/Ti by using N graded films deposited onto aluminum substrates (AA-1100) by grid-assisted magnetron sputtering (GAMS). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarization are used to investigate the performance of the substrate/film system at room temperature and 70 oC, thus simulating a prototypic PEMFC electrolyte environment. Electrochemical test results showed that graded TiN films improved corrosion resistance when compared with both the homogeneous films and the AA1100 uncoated substrate. Furthermore, contact angle results reveal improved hydrophobicity for both homogeneous and graded TiN coatings when compared with the AA1100 substrate.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); Foundation of Support for Research and Innovation of the Santa Catarina State (FAPESC); Brazilian National Research, Technology and Innovation Council

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; AC05-06OR23100; 308565/2018-5; PAP-TR-781

OSTI ID:: 1787009

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1809563

Journal Information:: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 45, Issue 58; ISSN 0360-3199

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (113)

Numerical modelling of the electrochemical behaviour of 316L stainless steel based upon static and dynamic experimental microcapillary-based techniques Krawiec, H.; Vignal, V.; Akid, R. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 53, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.02.063	journal	June 2008
Mechanical behavior of TiN/CrN nano-multilayer thin film deposited by unbalanced magnetron sputter process Sun, Pei-Ling; Su, Cherng-Yuh; Liou, Tai-Pin Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 509, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.057	journal	February 2011
Fabrication and nanoindentation properties of TiN/NiTi thin films and their applications in electrochemical sensing Kumar, Ashvani; Singh, Devendra; Goyal, Rajendra N. Talanta, Vol. 78, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2009.01.005	journal	May 2009
Enhanced corrosion resistance and fuel cell performance of Al1050 bipolar plate coated with TiN/Ti double layer Lee, Eun-Kyung; Kim, Jung-Kon; Kim, Tae-Jun Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 75 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2013.08.041	journal	November 2013
On the Growth of Highly Ordered Pores in Anodized Aluminum Oxide Li, Feiyue; Zhang, Lan; Metzger, Robert M. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/cm980163a	journal	September 1998
Trends in research and development of protonic ceramic electrolysis cells Medvedev, Dmitry International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 44, Issue 49 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.08.130	journal	October 2019
Age-hardening of high pressure die casting AlMg alloys with Zn and combined Zn and Cu additions Stemper, Lukas; Mitas, Bernhard; Kremmer, Thomas Materials & Design, Vol. 181 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107927	journal	November 2019
Testing and evaluation of aluminum coated bipolar plates of pem fuel cells operating at 70°C Hung, Yue; El-Khatib, K. M.; Tawfik, Hazem Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 163, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.09.013	journal	December 2006
Electron energy-loss spectroscopy: A versatile tool for the investigations of plasmonic excitations Roth, Friedrich; König, Andreas; Fink, Jörg Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, Vol. 195 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2014.05.007	journal	August 2014
Biaxial alignment in sputter deposited thin films Mahieu, S.; Ghekiere, P.; Depla, D. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 515, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2006.06.027	journal	December 2006
Investigation on electrochemical behavior and surface conductivity of titanium carbide modified Ti bipolar plate of PEMFC Shi, Jiefu; Zhang, Pengchao; Han, Yuetong International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 45, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.203	journal	March 2020
Investigation of single-layer and multilayer coatings for aluminum bipolar plate in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell Li, Zhuguo; Feng, Kai; Wang, Zhiyuan International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 39, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.03.136	journal	May 2014
Design and manufacturing of stainless steel bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells Peng, Linfa; Yi, Peiyun; Lai, Xinmin International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 39, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.08.113	journal	December 2014
Ni–P and Ni–Co–P coated aluminum alloy 5251 substrates as metallic bipolar plates for PEM fuel cell applications Fetohi, Amani E.; Abdel Hameed, R. M.; El-Khatib, K. M. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 37, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.01.145	journal	May 2012
On the electrochemical behaviour of aluminium in acidic chloride solution Brett, Christopher M. A. Corrosion Science, Vol. 33, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-938X(92)90145-S	journal	February 1992
The anodizing of aluminium in sulphate solutions Wood, G. C.; O'Sullivan, J. P. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 15, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(70)85024-1	journal	December 1970
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as a tool to obtain mechanistic information on the passive behaviour of aluminium de Wit, J. H. W.; Lenderink, H. J. W. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 41, Issue 7-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(95)00462-9	journal	May 1996
Revised structure zone model for thin film physical structure Messier, R.; Giri, A. P.; Roy, R. A. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.572604	journal	April 1984
Wear behavior and thermal stability of HPPMS (Al,Ti,Cr,Si)ON, (Al,Ti,Cr,Si)N and (Ti,Al,Cr,Si)N coatings for cutting tools Bobzin, K.; Brögelmann, T.; Kruppe, N. C. Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 385 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2020.125370	journal	March 2020
Investigation of PVD coating on corrosion resistance of metallic bipolar plates in PEM fuel cell Lee, Shuo-Jen; Huang, Ching-Han; Chen, Yu-Pang Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 140, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00743-X	journal	September 2003
Grid-assisted magnetron sputtering deposition of nitrogen graded TiN thin films da Silva, F. C.; Tunes, M. A.; Edmondson, P. D. SN Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-2617-3	journal	April 2020
An investigation into the effects of a nano-thick gold interlayer on polypyrrole coatings on 316L stainless steel for the bipolar plates of PEM fuel cells Wang, Yan; Northwood, Derek O. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 175, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.09.089	journal	January 2008
Titanium nitride nanopowders produced via sodium reductionin liquid ammonia Yuan, Boyan; Yang, Mei; Zhu, Hongmin Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 24, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2009.0050	journal	February 2009
Electrochemical capacitance performance of titanium nitride nanoarray Xie, Yibing; Wang, Yong; Du, Hongxiu Materials Science and Engineering: B, Vol. 178, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2013.09.005	journal	December 2013
Fe2Ti interlayer for improved adhesion strength and corrosion resistance of TiN coating on stainless steel 316L Song, Miao; Guo, Junjie; Yang, Yafeng Applied Surface Science, Vol. 504 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144483	journal	February 2020
An EIS study of aluminium barrier-type oxide films formed in different media Bessone, J. B.; Salinas, D. R.; Mayer, C. E. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 37, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(92)85124-4	journal	September 1992
Improving performance in PEMFC by applying different coatings to metallic bipolar plates Madadi, F.; Rezaeian, A.; Edris, H. Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 238 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.121911	journal	December 2019
Durability and characterization studies of chromium carbide coated aluminum fuel cell stack Hung, Y.; Tawfik, H.; Mahajan, D. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 41, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.136	journal	July 2016
Tribological behaviours of PVD TiN and TiCN coatings in artificial seawater Shan, Lei; Wang, Yongxin; Li, Jinlong Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 226 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.03.034	journal	July 2013
Fabrication of multi-filler thermoset-based composite bipolar plates for PEMFCs applications: Molding defects and properties characterizations Simaafrookhteh, Sepehr; Khorshidian, Majid; Momenifar, Mohammad International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 45, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.03.105	journal	May 2020
Study on dimensional and corrosion properties of thixoformed A356 and AA7075 aluminum bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells Bolouri, Amir; Kang, Chung Gil Renewable Energy, Vol. 71 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.06.021	journal	November 2014
New approaches for transitions to low fossil carbon societies: promoting opportunities for effective development, diffusion and implementation of technologies, policies and strategies Suzuki, Masachika; Kanie, Norichika; Iguchi, Masahiko Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 128 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.087	journal	August 2016
Investigation on physical and electrochemical properties of TiN-coated Monel alloy used for bipolar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell Ghorbani, Mohammad Matboo; Taherian, Reza; Bozorg, Mansoor Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 238 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.121916	journal	December 2019
RETRACTED: A review of composite and metallic bipolar plates in proton exchange membrane fuel cell: Materials, fabrication, and material selection Taherian, Reza Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 265 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.04.081	journal	November 2014
Corrosion behavior and adhesion of ion-plated TiN films on AISI 304 steel Chen, Jia-Yang; Yu, Ge-Ping; Huang, Jia-Hong Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 65, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(00)00255-8	journal	August 2000
Corrosion Investigation of Chromium Nitride and Chromium Carbide Coatings for PEM Fuel Cell Bipolar Plates in Simulated Cathode Condition Haghighat Ghahfarokhi, H.; Saatchi, A.; Monirvaghefi, S. M. Fuel Cells, Vol. 16, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.201600005	journal	June 2016
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells Vishnyakov, V. M. Vacuum, Vol. 80, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2006.03.029	journal	August 2006
CPE analysis by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Jorcin, Jean-Baptiste; Orazem, Mark E.; Pébère, Nadine Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 51, Issue 8-9, p. 1473-1479 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2005.02.128	journal	January 2006
Electrically conductive polymer composite coating on aluminum for PEM fuel cells bipolar plate Lee, Choong-Hyun; Lee, Yang-Bok; Kim, Kyung-Min Renewable Energy, Vol. 54 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2012.08.071	journal	June 2013
Assessment of the durability of low-cost Al bipolar plates for High Temperature PEM fuel cells Alegre, Cinthia; Álvarez-Manuel, Laura; Mustata, Radu International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 44, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.07.070	journal	May 2019
In vitro corrosion behaviour of surgical 316LVM stainless steel modified by Si+ ion implantation – An electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study Galván, J. C.; Larrea, M. T.; Braceras, I. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 676 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.03.162	journal	August 2016
Corrosion behavior of TiN coated type 316 stainless steel in simulated PEMFC environments Li, Moucheng; Luo, Suzhen; Zeng, Chaoliu Corrosion Science, Vol. 46, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-938X(03)00187-2	journal	June 2004
Electrochemical and electrical resistance behavior of cathodic arc PVD TiN, CrN, AlCrN, and AlTiN coatings in simulated proton exchange membrane fuel cell environment Khan, M. Faizan; Adesina, Akeem Y.; Gasem, Zuhair M. Materials and Corrosion, Vol. 70, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201810377	journal	September 2018
Reactive sputter deposition of TiN layers: modelling the growth by characterization of particle fluxes towards the substrate Mahieu, S.; Depla, D. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 42, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/42/5/053002	journal	February 2009
Site specific dependencies of hydrogen concentrations in zirconium hydrides Tunes, Matheus A.; Silva, Chinthaka M.; Edmondson, Philip D. Scripta Materialia, Vol. 158 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.08.044	journal	January 2019
Silver implanted 316L stainless steel as bipolar plates in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells Feng, Kai; Li, Zhuguo; Cai, Xun Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 126, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2010.11.029	journal	March 2011
Synthesis and localized inhibition behaviour of new triazine-methionine corrosion inhibitor in 1 M HCl for 2024-T3 aluminium alloy Zhang, Tianbao; Jiang, Wenfeng; Wang, Huilong Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 237 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.121866	journal	November 2019
Corrosion and interfacial contact resistance of 316L stainless steel coated with magnetron sputtered ZrN and TiN in the simulated cathodic environment of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell Yi, Pan; Zhu, Lijie; Dong, Chaofang Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 363 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.02.027	journal	April 2019
New electroplated aluminum bipolar plate for PEM fuel cell El-Enin, Sanaa A. Abo; Abdel-Salam, Omar E.; El-Abd, Hammam Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 177, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.11.042	journal	February 2008
Self-assembled graphene film to enable highly conductive and corrosion resistant aluminum bipolar plates in fuel cells Chen, Peng; Fang, Feifei; Zhang, Zhannan International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 42, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.03.214	journal	April 2017
Comparison of TiN and CN coatings on orthodontic stainless steel: Tribological and biological evaluation Zhang, Mengqi; Liu, Xiaomo; Shang, Hongfei Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 362 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.01.072	journal	March 2019
A graded nano-TiN coating on biomedical Ti alloy: Low friction coefficient, good bonding and biocompatibility Cui, Wenfang; Qin, Gaowu; Duan, Jingzhu Materials Science and Engineering: C, Vol. 71 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.10.033	journal	February 2017
Influence of apparatus geometry and deposition conditions on the structure and topography of thick sputtered coatings Thornton, John A. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology, Vol. 11, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1312732	journal	July 1974
The domestication of fire: The relationship between biomass fuel, fossil fuel and burns Albertyn, R.; Rode, H.; Millar, A. J. W. Burns, Vol. 38, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2012.03.013	journal	September 2012
Nano mechanical and wear properties of multi-layer Ti/TiN coatings deposited on Al 7075 by high-vacuum magnetron sputtering Ghasemi, Sajjad; Shanaghi, Ali; Chu, Paul K. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 638 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2017.07.049	journal	September 2017
On the corrosion behavior of TiN-coated AISI D2 steel Chen, B. F.; Pan, W. L.; Yu, G. P. Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 111, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00710-5	journal	January 1999
Influence of the substrate hardness on the cavitation erosion resistance of TiN coating Krella, Alicja; Czyzniewski, Andrzej Wear, Vol. 263, Issue 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2007.02.003	journal	September 2007
Stress-related effects in thin films Thornton, John A.; Hoffman, D. W. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 171, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(89)90030-8	journal	April 1989
Investigation of incorporating oxygen into TiN coating to resist high potential effects on PEMFC bipolar plates in vehicle applications Jin, Jie; Hu, Menglei; Zhao, Xiaohua International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 45, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.06.059	journal	September 2020
A review of focused ion beam milling techniques for TEM specimen preparation Giannuzzi, L. A.; Stevie, F. A. Micron, Vol. 30, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0968-4328(99)00005-0	journal	June 1999
Corrosion of metal bipolar plates for PEM fuel cells: A review Antunes, Renato A.; Oliveira, Mara Cristina L.; Ett, Gerhard International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 35, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.01.059	journal	April 2010
Surface modifications of aluminum alloy 5052 for bipolar plates using an electroless deposition process Bai, Ching-Yuan; Chou, Yu-Hsien; Chao, Chu-Lung Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 183, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.04.082	journal	August 2008
Wear performance of different PVD coatings during hard wet end milling of H13 tool steel Beake, B. D.; Ning, Li; Gey, Ch. Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 279 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.08.038	journal	October 2015
Formable chromium nitride coatings for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plates Haye, Emile; Deschamps, Fabien; Caldarella, Giuseppe International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 45, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.03.248	journal	May 2020
Corrosion behavior of tantalum coatings on AISI 316L stainless steel substrate for bipolar plates of PEM fuel cells Manso, A. P.; Marzo, F. F.; Garicano, Xabier International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 45, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.12.157	journal	August 2020
Experimental studies of the effect of Ti interlayers on the corrosion resistance of TiN PVD coatings by using electrochemical methods Vega, J.; Scheerer, H.; Andersohn, G. Corrosion Science, Vol. 133 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2018.01.010	journal	April 2018
Porous anodic alumina: fabrication, characterization and applications Thompson, G. E. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 297, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6090(96)09440-0	journal	April 1997
Stainless steel bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Materials, flow channel design and forming processes Leng, Yu; Ming, Pingwen; Yang, Daijun Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 451 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.227783	journal	March 2020
Experimental performance assessment of metal-foam flow fields for proton exchange membrane fuel cells Awin, Yussef; Dukhan, Nihad Applied Energy, Vol. 252 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113458	journal	October 2019
Nitrogen effect on corrosion resistance of ion beam sputtered nanocrystalline zirconium nitride films Larijani, M. M.; Elmi, M.; Yari, M. Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 203, Issue 17-18 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2009.02.064	journal	June 2009
Technical evaluation of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell performance – A review of the effects of bipolar plates coating Wilberforce, Tabbi; Ijaodola, O.; Ogungbemi, Emmanuel Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 113 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.109286	journal	October 2019
Anodic oxide films on aluminum Diggle, J. W.; Downie, Thomas C.; Goulding, C. W. Chemical Reviews, Vol. 69, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60259a005	journal	June 1969
Evaluation of the corrosion resistance of Ni(P)Cr coatings for bipolar plates by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Marzo, F. F.; Alberro, M.; Manso, A. P. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 45, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.03.076	journal	August 2020
Mechanical properties of TiNx/Cr1−xN thin films on plasma nitriding-assisted AISI H13 steel Lee, SangYul Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 193, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.142	journal	April 2005
Ac-impedance and Raman spectroscopy study of the electrochemical behaviour of pure aluminium in citric acid media Aoki, I. V.; Bernard, M. -C; de Torresi, S. I. Cordoba Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 46, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(01)00431-5	journal	March 2001
Improvement of the corrosion resistance of CrN coated steel by an interlayer Creus, J.; Idrissi, H.; Mazille, H. Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 107, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00646-X	journal	September 1998
Conducting polymer-coated stainless steel bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) Joseph, S.; Mcclure, J.; Chianelli, R. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 30, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2005.04.011	journal	September 2005
The characteristics and performance of electroless nickel and immersion Au plated aluminum alloy bipolar plates in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells Tsai, Sung-Ying; Bai, Ching-Yuan; Lin, Chien-Hung Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 214 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.04.030	journal	September 2012
The use of the electrochemical micro-cell for the investigation of corrosion phenomena Andreatta, F.; Fedrizzi, L. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 203 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2016.01.099	journal	June 2016
Investigating the fretting fatigue life of thin film titanium nitride coated aerospace Al7075-T6 alloy Zalnezhad, E.; Sarhan, Ahmed A. D.; Hamdi, M. Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 559 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.08.123	journal	January 2013
Carbon-based coatings for metallic bipolar plates used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells Yi, Peiyun; Zhang, Di; Qiu, Diankai International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 44, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.176	journal	March 2019
Thermal stability of nitride thin films Hultman, L. Vacuum, Vol. 57, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0042-207X(00)00143-3	journal	April 2000
Study and Assessment of the Efficiency of the Cocoa Bark Extracted from the Theobroma Cacao as an Inhibitor of the Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Substitution of Benzotriazole Barreto, Lhaira Souza; Tokumoto, Miriam Sanae; Guedes, Isabel Correia Materials Research, Vol. 21, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2016-0309	journal	November 2017
Exfoliation corrosion of aluminum alloy AA7075 examined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Cao, F. -H.; Zhang, Z.; Li, J. -F. Materials and Corrosion, Vol. 55, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.200303691	journal	January 2004
Research on titanium nitride thin films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering for MEMS applications Merie, Violeta; Pustan, Marius; Negrea, Gavril Applied Surface Science, Vol. 358 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.07.063	journal	December 2015
TiN-coated titanium as the bipolar plate for PEMFC by multi-arc ion plating Zhang, Dongming; Duan, Liangtao; Guo, Lu International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 36, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.04.123	journal	July 2011
Initial growth and epitaxy of PVD TiN layers on austenitic steel De Schepper, L.; D'Olieslaeger, M.; Knuyt, G. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 173, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(89)90135-1	journal	June 1989
Reviewing Metallic PEMFC Bipolar Plates Wang, H.; Turner, J. A. Fuel Cells, Vol. 10, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200900187	journal	April 2010
Deposition of gold–titanium and gold–nickel coatings on electropolished 316L stainless steel bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells Yun, Young-Hoon International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 35, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.12.036	journal	February 2010
Effects of Al incorporation on the interfacial conductivity and corrosion resistance of CrN film on SS316L as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells Bi, Feifei; Yi, Peiyun; Zhou, Tao International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 40, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.06.012	journal	August 2015
Polyaniline and polypyrrole coatings on aluminum for PEM fuel cell bipolar plates Joseph, Shine; McClure, J. C.; Sebastian, P. J. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 177, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.09.113	journal	February 2008
Preparation and performance of nanometric Ti/TiN multi-layer physical vapor deposited coating on 316L stainless steel as bipolar plate for proton exchange membrane fuel cells Jannat, Sharif; Rashtchi, Hamed; Atapour, Masoud Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 435 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.226818	journal	September 2019
Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide: Anodization and Templated Synthesis of Functional Nanostructures Lee, Woo; Park, Sang-Joon Chemical Reviews, Vol. 114, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500002z	journal	June 2014
Enhanced corrosion resistance of TiN-coated stainless steels for the application in flexible dye-sensitized solar cells Ouyang, Fan-Yi; Tai, Wei-Lun Applied Surface Science, Vol. 276 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.03.134	journal	July 2013
Influence of CrN-coating thickness on the corrosion resistance behaviour of aluminium-based bipolar plates Barranco, José; Barreras, Félix; Lozano, Antonio Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 196, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.11.069	journal	May 2011
A Review of Finite Element Method Models for Nuclear Graphite Applications Arregui-Mena, José David; Worth, Robert N.; Hall, Graham Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering, Vol. 27, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-018-09310-y	journal	December 2018
Effects of pretreatment by ion implantation and interlayer on adhesion between aluminum substrate and TiN film Liu, Youming; Li, Liuhe; Cai, Xun Thin Solid Films, Vol. 493, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2005.06.045	journal	December 2005
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as a tool for investigating underpaint corrosion Bonora, P. L.; Deflorian, F.; Fedrizzi, L. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 41, Issue 7-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(95)00440-8	journal	May 1996
Electrical resistivity of titanium nitride thin films prepared by ion beam-assisted deposition Lal, K.; Meikap, A. K.; Chattopadhyay, S. K. Physica B: Condensed Matter, Vol. 307, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4526(01)00626-3	journal	December 2001
Modifications of reactively sputtered titanium nitride films by argon and vanadium ion implantation: Microstructural and opto-electric properties Popović, M.; Novaković, M.; Traverse, A. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 531 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2013.01.045	journal	March 2013
Molybdenum carbide coated 316L stainless steel for bipolar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cells Wang, Lun; Tao, Youkun; Zhang, Zhen International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 44, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.184	journal	February 2019
An investigation of coated aluminium bipolar plates for PEMFC Lin, Chien-Hung; Tsai, Sung-Ying Applied Energy, Vol. 100 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.06.045	journal	December 2012
Effect of film thickness and Ti interlayer on the structure and properties of nanocrystalline TiN thin films on AISI D2 steel Huang, Jia-Hong; Ouyang, Fan-Yi; Yu, Ge-Ping Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 201, Issue 16-17 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.01.012	journal	May 2007
Characterizing the Structural Degradation in a PEMFC Cathode Catalyst Layer: Carbon Corrosion Young, A. P.; Stumper, J.; Gyenge, E. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 156, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3139963	journal	January 2009
Microstructure and hydrogen impermeability of titanium nitride thin films deposited by direct current reactive magnetron sputtering Zhou, Tong; Liu, Dawei; Zhang, Ying Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 688 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.06.278	journal	December 2016
Tribological and corrosion behavior of CrN coatings: Roles of substrate and deposition defects Petrogalli, C.; Montesano, L.; Gelfi, M. Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 258 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.07.063	journal	November 2014
Interface study of TiN- and TiTiN-coated stainless steel AISI 304 with asymmetric glancing angle X-ray diffraction and classical Bragg-Brentano X-ray diffraction Quaeyhaegens, C.; Stals, L. M.; Van Stappen, M. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 197, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(91)90219-N	journal	March 1991
A review of PEM hydrogen fuel cell contamination: Impacts, mechanisms, and mitigation Cheng, Xuan; Shi, Zheng; Glass, Nancy Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 165, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.12.012	journal	March 2007
An investigation into polypyrrole-coated 316L stainless steel as a bipolar plate material for PEM fuel cells Wang, Yan; Northwood, Derek O. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 163, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.09.048	journal	December 2006
Mechanical properties of homogeneous and nitrogen graded TiN thin films Silva, Felipe C.; Tunes, Matheus A.; Sagás, Julio C. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 710 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2020.138268	journal	September 2020
Composite-coated aluminum bipolar plates for PEM fuel cells Mawdsley, Jennifer R.; Carter, J. David; Wang, Xiaoping Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 231 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.12.074	journal	June 2013
Electronic currents and the formation of nanopores in porous anodic alumina Zhu, Xu-Fei; Song, Ye; Liu, Lin Nanotechnology, Vol. 20, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/20/47/475303	journal	October 2009
Age-hardening response of AlMgZn alloys with Cu and Ag additions Stemper, Lukas; Tunes, Matheus A.; Oberhauser, Paul Acta Materialia, Vol. 195 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2020.05.066	journal	August 2020

Similar Records

Corrosion behaviour of magnesium alloys coated with TiN by cathodic arc deposition in NaCl and Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4} solutions

Journal Article · Sat Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2008 · Materials Characterization · OSTI ID:1787009

Altun, Hikmet; Sinici, Hakan

Corrosion Behavior of Titanium Grade 7 in Fluoride-Containing NaCl Brines

Conference · Tue May 18 00:00:00 EDT 2004 · OSTI ID:1787009

NA,

Improved container electrode coatings for Na/S battery systems. Final report

Technical Report · Tue Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 1995 · OSTI ID:1787009

Hunt, T K

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
PEMFC
Titanium Nitride
Bipolar Plates
Graded Coatings
Functionally Graded Materials
Corrosion Resistance

Title: Corrosion resistance of functionally graded TiN/Ti coatings for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Citation Formats

References (113)

Similar Records

Related Subjects