Structural and Functional Characterization of Stx2k, a New Subtype of Shiga Toxin 2

Hughes, Anna C.; Zhang, Yuzhu; Bai, Xiangning; Xiong, Yanwen; Wang, Yan; Yang, Xi; Xu, Qingping; He, Xiaohua

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8010004

Title: Structural and Functional Characterization of Stx2k, a New Subtype of Shiga Toxin 2

Journal Article · Wed Dec 18 00:00:00 EST 2019 · Microorganisms

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010004· OSTI ID:1647158

Hughes, Anna C. ^[1];

^[1]; Bai, Xiangning ^[2]; Xiong, Yanwen ^[2]; Wang, Yan ^[2]; Yang, Xi ^[2]; Xu, Qingping ^[3]; He, Xiaohua ^[1]

United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA (United States)
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing (China)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)

Shiga toxin (Stx) is the major virulence factor of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Stx evolves rapidly and, as such, new subtypes continue to emerge that challenge the efficacy of existing disease management and surveillance strategies. A new subtype, Stx2k, was recently identified in E. coli isolated from a wide range of sources including diarrheal patients, animals, and raw meats, and was poorly detected by existing immunoassays. In this study, the structure of Stx2kE167Q was determined at 2.29 Å resolution and the conservation of structure with Stx2a was revealed. A novel polyclonal antibody capable of neutralizing Stx2k and an immunoassay, with a 10-fold increase in sensitivity compared to assays using extant antibodies, were developed. Stx2k is less toxic than Stx2a in Vero cell assays but is similar to Stx2a in receptor-binding preference, thermostability, and acid tolerance. Although Stx2k does not appear to be as potent as Stx2a to Vero cells, the wide distribution and blended virulence profiles of the Stx2k-producing strains suggest that horizontal gene transfer through Stx2k-converting phages could result in the emergence of new and highly virulent pathogens. This study provides useful information and tools for early detection and control of Stx2k-producing E. coli, which could reduce public risk of infection by less-known STECs.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA); USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1647158

Journal Information:: Microorganisms, Vol. 8, Issue 1; ISSN 2076-2607

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 18 works

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immunoassays
neutralization
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toxin stability

Title: Structural and Functional Characterization of Stx2k, a New Subtype of Shiga Toxin 2

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