A Micelle Electrolyte Enabled by Fluorinated Ether Additives for Polysulfide Suppression and Li Metal Stabilization in Li-S Battery

Zhao, Yangzhi; Fang, Chen; Zhang, Guangzhao; Hubble, Dion; Nallapaneni, Asritha; Zhu, Chenhui; Zhao, Zhuowen; Liu, Zhimeng; Lau, Jonathan; Fu, Yanbao; Liu, Gao

doi:10.3389/fchem.2020.00484

Title: A Micelle Electrolyte Enabled by Fluorinated Ether Additives for Polysulfide Suppression and Li Metal Stabilization in Li-S Battery

Journal Article · Fri Jun 19 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Frontiers in Chemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2020.00484· OSTI ID:1646843

Zhao, Yangzhi ^[1]; Fang, Chen ^[1]; Zhang, Guangzhao ^[1]; Hubble, Dion ^[1]; Nallapaneni, Asritha ^[2]; Zhu, Chenhui ^[1]; Zhao, Zhuowen ^[3]; Liu, Zhimeng ^[1]; Lau, Jonathan ^[1]; Fu, Yanbao ^[1]; Liu, Gao ^[1]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of Akron, OH (United States)
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)

The Li-S battery is a promising next-generation technology due to its high theoretical energy density (2600 Wh kg^-1) and low active material cost. However, poor cycling stability and coulombic efficiency caused by polysulfide dissolution have proven to be major obstacles for a practical Li-S battery implementation. In this work, we develop a novel strategy to suppress polysulfide dissolution using hydrofluoroethers (HFEs) with bi-functional, amphiphlic surfactant-like design: a polar lithiophilic "head" attached to a fluorinated lithiophobic "tail." A unique solvation mechanism is proposed for these solvents whereby dissociated lithium ions are readily coordinated with lithiophilic "head" to induce self-assembly into micelle-like complex structures. Complex formation is verified experimentally by changing the additive structure and concentration using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). These HFE-based electrolytes are found to prevent polysulfide dissolution and to have excellent chemical compatibility with lithium metal: Li||Cu stripping/plating tests reveal high coulombic efficiency (>99.5%), modest polarization, and smooth surface morphology of the uniformly deposited lithium. Li-S cells are demonstrated with 1395 mAh g-1 initial capacity and 71.9% retention over 100 cycles at >99.5% efficiency-evidence that the micelle structure of the amphiphilic additives in HFEs can prohibit polysulfide dissolution while enabling facile Li⁺ transport and anode passivation.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1646843

Journal Information:: Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol. 8; ISSN 2296-2646

Publisher:: Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 15 works

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