Basic Energy Sciences Roundtable: Opportunities for Basic Research at the Frontiers of XFEL Ultrafast Science
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
- Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
- Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
- Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States)
- Univ. of Ottawa, ON (Canada)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Fritz Haber Inst. of the Max Planck Society, Berlin (Germany)
- Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
- Dept. of Energy (DOE), Washington DC (United States). Office of Science. Basic Energy Sciences
Advances in science and technology over the past century have been driven by an improved understanding of matter on ultrashort length scales, reaching down to atomic dimensions. In contrast, methods aimed at understanding dynamics on the ultrafast time scales of atomic motion are comparatively new. Ultrafast characterization has already yielded crucial insights not attainable from slower measurements. The interplay between atomic-scale structure and the associated ultrafast dynamics governs the macroscopic functionality observed in matter. Understanding and controlling materials and chemical processes at these length and time scales are key to discovery and innovation to advance energy and related national priorities. The recent availability of x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) provides a probe that simultaneously reaches the required resolution in both space and time. X-ray wavelengths extend down to the atomic scale, while x-ray pulse durations now lie in the femtosecond (10-15 seconds) range. This capability allows the evolution of materials and chemical processes to be followed on their natural time and length scales, providing fundamental scientific understanding of the complexity of the world around us. Because of the transformative potential of new ultrafast x-ray characterization tools provided by XFELs, it is imperative to lay out a roadmap for the exciting scientific opportunities that can be explored using these research tools. To identify the highest priority research opportunities, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) convened a roundtable of experts in chemistry, materials physics, and ultrafast and x-ray science. This group of experimentalists and theorists met on October 25–26, 2017 to explore research opportunities that will leverage current and imminent ultrafast XFEL capabilities and advance the broader BES science mission. This report summarizes major new scientific frontiers that can be addressed by emerging XFEL capabilities. The conclusions of the roundtable discussion are summarized in the following three Priority Research Opportunities (PROs).
- Research Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC) (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI ID:
- 1616251
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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