Piezoelectric polar nanoregions and relaxation-coupled resonances in relaxor ferroelectrics

Cai, Ling; Pattnaik, Radha; Lundeen, Joel; Toulouse, Jean

doi:10.1103/physrevb.98.134113

Title: Piezoelectric polar nanoregions and relaxation-coupled resonances in relaxor ferroelectrics

Journal Article · Thu Oct 25 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Physical Review B

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.98.134113· OSTI ID:1609755

Cai, Ling ^[1]; Pattnaik, Radha ^[1]; Lundeen, Joel ^[1]; Toulouse, Jean ^[1]

Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA (United States)

It is a generally accepted fact that the unique dielectric properties of relaxor ferroelectrics are related to the formation of polar nanoregion (PNRs). Less well recognized is the corollary that, because they are polar and therefore lack inversion symmetry, PNRs are also piezoelectric at the nanoscale and can therefore behave as nanoresonators. Using the particular relaxor ferroelectric K_1–xLi_xTaO₃ (KLT), we show that, when electrically excited into oscillation, these piezoelectric nanoresonators can drive macroscopic electromechanical resonances. Unexpectedly, however, pairs of coupled resonances corresponding to a particular type of oscillation are observed, with one of the resonance exhibiting a characteristic Fano-like line shape. The complex resonance spectra can be described equally well by two alternative but complementary models both involving two resonances coupled through a relaxation: a purely classical one based on two coupled damped harmonic oscillators and a semiclassical based on two discrete excitations coupled to each other through a continuum. Together, they provide complementary perspectives on the underlying physics of the system. Both reproduce the rapid evolution of the resonance spectrum across three wide temperature ranges, including a phase transition range. In the high-temperature range, the coupling between modes is due to the collective π relaxation of the lithium ions within PNRs and, in the phase transition range, to “heterophase relaxation” of the surrounding lattice between its high-temperature cubic and low-temperature tetragonal phases, both coherent effects. Here, the coupling is suppressed in the intermediate range of the collective π/2 relaxation of the lithium ions. Incidentally, the measured dielectric spectra are shown to bear a surprising but justifiable resemblance to the optical spectra of certain atomic vapors exhibiting electromagnetically induced transparency.

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Research Organization:: Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-06ER46318

OSTI ID:: 1609755

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1479135

Journal Information:: Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 13; ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 10 works

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Dielectric relaxation and local domain structures of ferroelectric PIMNT and PMNT single crystals Li, Kai; Sun, Enwei; Qi, Xudong Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 103, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.16849	journal	October 2019

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