Comprehensive geoneutrino analysis with Borexino

Agostini, M.; Altenmüller, K.; Appel, S.; Atroshchenko, V.; Bagdasarian, Z.; Basilico, D.; Bellini, G.; Benziger, J.; Bick, D.; Bonfini, G.; Bravo, D.; Caccianiga, B.; Calaprice, F.; Caminata, A.; Cappelli, L.; Cavalcante, P.; Cavanna, F.; Chepurnov, A.; Choi, K.; D’Angelo, D.; Davini, S.; Derbin, A.; Di Giacinto, A.; Di Marcello, V.; Ding, X. F.; Di Ludovico, A.; Di Noto, L.; Drachnev, I.; Fiorentini, G.; Formozov, A.; Franco, D.; Gabriele, F.; Galbiati, C.; Gschwender, M.; Ghiano, C.; Giammarchi, M.; Goretti, A.; Gromov, M.; Guffanti, D.; Hagner, C.; Hungerford, E.; Ianni, Aldo; Ianni, Andrea; Jany, A.; Jeschke, D.; Kumaran, S.; Kobychev, V.; Korga, G.; Lachenmaier, T.; Lasserre, T.; Laubenstein, M.; Litvinovich, E.; Lombardi, P.; Lomskaya, I.; Ludhova, L.; Lukyanchenko, G.; Lukyanchenko, L.; Machulin, I.; Mantovani, F.; Manuzio, G.; Marcocci, S.; Maricic, J.; Martyn, J.; Meroni, E.; Meyer, M.; Miramonti, L.; Misiaszek, M.; Montuschi, M.; Muratova, V.; Neumair, B.; Nieslony, M.; Oberauer, L.; Onillon, A.; Orekhov, V.; Ortica, F.; Pallavicini, M.; Papp, L.; Penek, Ö.; Pietrofaccia, L.; Pilipenko, N.; Pocar, A.; Raikov, G.; Ranalli, M. T.; Ranucci, G.; Razeto, A.; Re, A.; Redchuk, M.; Ricci, B.; Romani, A.; Rossi, N.; Rottenanger, S.; Schönert, S.; Semenov, D.; Skorokhvatov, M.; Smirnov, O.; Sotnikov, A.; Strati, V.; Suvorov, Y.; Tartaglia, R.; Testera, G.; Thurn, J.; Unzhakov, E.; Vishneva, A.; Vivier, M.; Vogelaar, R. B.; von Feilitzsch, F.; Wojcik, M.; Wurm, M.; Zaimidoroga, O.; Zavatarelli, S.; Zuber, K.; Zuzel, G.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.101.012009

Title: Comprehensive geoneutrino analysis with Borexino

Journal Article · Tue Jan 21 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Physical Review. D.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.012009· OSTI ID:1598874

Agostini, M.; Altenmüller, K.; Appel, S.; Atroshchenko, V.; Bagdasarian, Z.; Basilico, D.; Bellini, G.; Benziger, J.; Bick, D.; Bonfini, G.; Bravo, D.; Caccianiga, B.; Calaprice, F.; Caminata, A.; Cappelli, L.; Cavalcante, P.; Cavanna, F.; Chepurnov, A.; Choi, K.; D’Angelo, D. more »

This paper presents a comprehensive geoneutrino measurement using the Borexino detector, located at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy. The analysis is the result of 3262.74 days of data between December 2007 and April 2019. The paper describes improved analysis techniques and optimized data selection, which includes enlarged fiducial volume and sophisticated cosmogenic veto. The reported exposure of (1.29±0.05)×1032 protons ×year represents an increase by a factor of two over a previous Borexino analysis reported in 2015. By observing 52.6-8.6+9.4(stat)-2.1+2.7(sys) geoneutrinos (68% interval) from U238 and Th232, a geoneutrino signal of 47.0-7.7+8.4(stat)-1.9+2.4(sys) TNU with -17.2+18.3% total precision was obtained. This result assumes the same Th/U mass ratio as found in chondritic CI meteorites but compatible results were found when contributions from U238 and Th232 were both fit as free parameters. Antineutrino background from reactors is fit unconstrained and found compatible with the expectations. The null-hypothesis of observing a geoneutrino signal from the mantle is excluded at a 99.0% C.L. when exploiting detailed knowledge of the local crust near the experimental site. Measured mantle signal of 21.2-9.0+9.5(stat)-0.9+1.1(sys) TNU corresponds to the production of a radiogenic heat of 24.6-10.4+11.1 TW (68% interval) from U238 and Th232 in the mantle. Assuming 18% contribution of K40 in the mantle and 8.1-1.4+1.9 TW of total radiogenic heat of the lithosphere, the Borexino estimate of the total radiogenic heat of the Earth is 38.2-12.7+13.6 TW, which corresponds to the convective Urey ratio of 0.78-0.28+0.41. These values are compatible with different geological predictions, however there is a ~2.4σ tension with those Earth models which predict the lowest concentration of heat-producing elements in the mantle. In addition, by constraining the number of expected reactor antineutrino events, the existence of a hypothetical georeactor at the center of the Earth having power greater than 2.4 TW is excluded at 95% C.L. Particular attention is given to the description of all analysis details which should be of interest for the next generation of geoneutrino measurements using liquid scintillator detectors.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Contributing Organization:: Borexino Collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010504; AC02-07CH11359

OSTI ID:: 1598874

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1615368; OSTI ID: 1807718

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-19-697-ND; arXiv:1909.02257; PRVDAQ; TRN: US2103399

Journal Information:: Physical Review. D., Vol. 101, Issue 1; ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 35 works

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Neutrino Physics with JUNO An, Fengpeng; An, Guangpeng; An, Qi arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1507.05613	text	January 2015
Measurement of the Reactor Antineutrino Flux and Spectrum at Daya Bay Collaboration, Daya Bay; An, F. P.; Balantekin, A. B. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1508.04233	text	January 2015
Neutrino oscillation tomography of the Earth with KM3NeT-ORCA Bourret, Simon; Coelho, João A. B.; Van Elewyck, Véronique arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1702.03723	text	January 2017
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Perceiving the crust in 3D: a model integrating geological, geochemical, and geophysical data Strati, Virginia; Wipperfurth, Scott A.; Baldoncini, Marica arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.04676	text	January 2017
Earth's chondritic Th/U: negligible fractionation during accretion, core formation, and crust - mantle differentiation Wipperfurth, Scott A.; Guo, Meng; Šrámek, Ondřej arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1801.05473	text	January 2018
Yields and production rates of cosmogenic $^9$Li and $^8$He measured with the Double Chooz near and far detectors de Kerret, H.; Abrahão, T.; Almazan, H. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1802.08048	text	January 2018
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Antineutrino Geophysics with Liquid Scintillator Detectors Rothschild, Casey G.; Chen, Mark C.; Calaprice, Frank P. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.nucl-ex/9710001	text	January 1997

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