Memory effect and magnetocrystalline anisotropy impact on the surface magnetic domains of magnetite(001)
Abstract
The structure of magnetic domains, i.e. regions of uniform magnetization separated by domain walls, depends on the balance of competing interactions present in ferromagnetic (or ferrimagnetic) materials. When these interactions change then domain configurations also change as a result. Magnetite provides a good test bench to study these effects, as its magnetocrystalline anisotropy varies significantly with temperature. Using spin-polarized electron microscopy to map the micromagnetic domain structure in the (001) surface of a macroscopic magnetite crystal (~1 cm size) shows complex domain patterns with characteristic length-scales in the micrometer range and highly temperature dependent domain geometries. Although heating above the Curie temperature erases the domain patterns completely, cooling down reproduces domain patterns not only in terms of general characteristics: instead, complex microscopic domain geometries are reproduced in almost perfect fidelity between heating cycles. A possible explanation of the origin of the high-fidelity reproducibility is suggested to be a combination of the presence of hematite inclusions that lock bulk domains, together with the strong effect of the first order magnetocrystalline anisotropy which competes with the shape anisotropy to give rise to the observed complex patterns.
- Authors:
-
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid (Spain)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Univ. Complutense, Madrid (Spain); Unidad Asociada IQFR(CSIC)-UCM, Madrid (Spain)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Ministry of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation of Spain (MINECO)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1592411
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231; BES-2013-063396
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Scientific Reports
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; electronic and spintronic devices; surfaces, interfaces and thin films
Citation Formats
Martín-García, Laura, Chen, Gong, Montaña, Yaiza, Mascaraque, Arantzazu, Pabón, Beatriz M., Schmid, Andreas K., and de la Figuera, Juan. Memory effect and magnetocrystalline anisotropy impact on the surface magnetic domains of magnetite(001). United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-24160-1.
Martín-García, Laura, Chen, Gong, Montaña, Yaiza, Mascaraque, Arantzazu, Pabón, Beatriz M., Schmid, Andreas K., & de la Figuera, Juan. Memory effect and magnetocrystalline anisotropy impact on the surface magnetic domains of magnetite(001). United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24160-1
Martín-García, Laura, Chen, Gong, Montaña, Yaiza, Mascaraque, Arantzazu, Pabón, Beatriz M., Schmid, Andreas K., and de la Figuera, Juan. 2018.
"Memory effect and magnetocrystalline anisotropy impact on the surface magnetic domains of magnetite(001)". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24160-1. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1592411.
@article{osti_1592411,
title = {Memory effect and magnetocrystalline anisotropy impact on the surface magnetic domains of magnetite(001)},
author = {Martín-García, Laura and Chen, Gong and Montaña, Yaiza and Mascaraque, Arantzazu and Pabón, Beatriz M. and Schmid, Andreas K. and de la Figuera, Juan},
abstractNote = {The structure of magnetic domains, i.e. regions of uniform magnetization separated by domain walls, depends on the balance of competing interactions present in ferromagnetic (or ferrimagnetic) materials. When these interactions change then domain configurations also change as a result. Magnetite provides a good test bench to study these effects, as its magnetocrystalline anisotropy varies significantly with temperature. Using spin-polarized electron microscopy to map the micromagnetic domain structure in the (001) surface of a macroscopic magnetite crystal (~1 cm size) shows complex domain patterns with characteristic length-scales in the micrometer range and highly temperature dependent domain geometries. Although heating above the Curie temperature erases the domain patterns completely, cooling down reproduces domain patterns not only in terms of general characteristics: instead, complex microscopic domain geometries are reproduced in almost perfect fidelity between heating cycles. A possible explanation of the origin of the high-fidelity reproducibility is suggested to be a combination of the presence of hematite inclusions that lock bulk domains, together with the strong effect of the first order magnetocrystalline anisotropy which competes with the shape anisotropy to give rise to the observed complex patterns.},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-018-24160-1},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1592411},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
issn = {2045-2322},
number = 1,
volume = 8,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Apr 16 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Mon Apr 16 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Spin reorientation transition of magnetite (001)
journal, April 2016
- Martín-García, Laura; Mascaraque, Arantzazu; Pabón, Beatriz M.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 93, Issue 13
On the construction of an Fe3O4-based all-oxide spin valve
journal, March 2000
- van der Zaag, P. J.; Bloemen, P. J. H.; Gaines, J. M.
- Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 211, Issue 1-3
Origin of the Anomalous Magnetic Behavior in Single Crystal Films
journal, December 1997
- Margulies, D. T.; Parker, F. T.; Rudee, M. L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 79, Issue 25
Review of the low-temperature magnetic properties of magnetite from a rock magnetic perspective
journal, January 2000
- Muxworthy, A. R.; McClelland, E.
- Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 140, Issue 1
Magnetic domain structure of multidomain magnetite as a function of temperature: observation by Kerr microscopy
journal, March 1999
- Ambatiello, A.; Fabian, K.; Hoffmann, V.
- Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol. 112, Issue 1-2
The design and verification of MuMax3
journal, October 2014
- Vansteenkiste, Arne; Leliaert, Jonathan; Dvornik, Mykola
- AIP Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 10
Magnetic imaging with spin-polarized low-energy electron microscopy
journal, April 2010
- Rougemaille, N.; Schmid, A. K.
- The European Physical Journal Applied Physics, Vol. 50, Issue 2
Closure domains in magnetite
journal, February 1995
- Özdemir, Özden; Xu, Song; Dunlop, David J.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 100, Issue B2
Oxidation of Magnetite(100) to Hematite Observed by in Situ Spectroscopy and Microscopy
journal, August 2014
- McCarty, Kevin F.; Monti, Matteo; Nie, Shu
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 118, Issue 34
From epitaxial growth of ferrite thin films to spin-polarized tunnelling
journal, March 2013
- Moussy, Jean-Baptiste
- Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 14
Low-temperature cycling of isothermal and anhysteretic remanence: microcoercivity and magnetic memory
journal, January 2003
- Muxworthy, Adrian R.; Dunlop, David J.; Özdemir, Özden
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 205, Issue 3-4
Real-space imaging of the Verwey transition at the (100) surface of magnetite
journal, October 2013
- de la Figuera, Juan; Novotny, Zbynek; Setvin, Martin
- Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 16
Spin and orbital magnetic moment of reconstructed magnetite(001)
journal, January 2015
- Martín-García, Laura; Gargallo-Caballero, Raquel; Monti, Matteo
- Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 2
Spiral-like continuous spin-reorientation transition of Fe/Ni bilayers on Cu(100)
journal, June 2004
- Ramchal, R.; Schmid, A. K.; Farle, M.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 69, Issue 21
Noble metal capping effects on the spin-reorientation transitions of Co/Ru(0001)
journal, July 2008
- El Gabaly, Farid; McCarty, Kevin F.; Schmid, Andreas K.
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 7
Low-temperature properties of a single crystal of magnetite oriented along principal magnetic axes
journal, January 1999
- Özdemir, O.
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 165, Issue 2
Coercive force of single crystals of magnetite at low temperatures
journal, May 2000
- Ozdemir, O.
- Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 141, Issue 2
Insight into Magnetite’s Redox Catalysis from Observing Surface Morphology during Oxidation
journal, June 2013
- Nie, Shu; Starodub, Elena; Monti, Matteo
- Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 135, Issue 27
Direct observation of ferrimagnetic/ferroelastic domain interactions in magnetite below the Verwey transition
journal, August 2010
- Kasama, Takeshi; Church, Nathan S.; Feinberg, Joshua M.
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 297, Issue 1-2
Mechanism of Low Temperature Oxidation of Magnetites
journal, September 1968
- Colombo, U.; Fagherazzi, G.; Gazzarrini, F.
- Nature, Vol. 219, Issue 5158
High-temperature magnetostriction of magnetite and titanomagnetites
journal, January 1993
- Moskowitz, Bruce M.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 98, Issue B1
Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy of Low Temperature Phase of Magnetite
journal, December 1976
- Abe, Kōki; Miyamoto, Yoshiko; Chikazumi, Sōshin
- Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 41, Issue 6
Micromagnetism in (001) magnetite by spin-polarized low-energy electron microscopy
journal, July 2013
- de la Figuera, Juan; Vergara, Lucía; N'Diaye, Alpha T.
- Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 130
Mechanism of Oxidation of Magnetite to γ-Fe2O3
journal, March 1968
- Gallagher, K. J.; Feitknecht, W.; Mannweiler, U.
- Nature, Vol. 217, Issue 5134
A compact electron‐spin‐polarization manipulator
journal, April 1995
- Duden, T.; Bauer, E.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 66, Issue 4
Direct imaging of nanoscale magnetic interactions in minerals
journal, December 2002
- Harrison, R. J.; Dunin-Borkowski, R. E.; Putnis, A.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 99, Issue 26
Effect of crystal defects and internal stress on the domain structure and magnetic properties of magnetite
journal, September 1997
- Özdemir, Özden; Dunlop, David J.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 102, Issue B9
A new surface microscope for magnetic imaging
journal, January 1994
- Grzelakowski, K.; Duden, T.; Bauer, E.
- IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 30, Issue 6
Ferrimagnetic/ferroelastic domain interactions in magnetite below the Verwey transition. Part I: electron holography and Lorentz microscopy
journal, January 2013
- Kasama, Takeshi; Harrison, Richard J.; Church, Nathan S.
- Phase Transitions, Vol. 86, Issue 1
Physical Theory of Ferromagnetic Domains
journal, October 1949
- Kittel, Charles
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 4
Room temperature in-plane ⟨100⟩ magnetic easy axis for Fe 3 O 4 /SrTiO 3 (001):Nb grown by infrared pulsed laser deposition
journal, December 2013
- Monti, Matteo; Sanz, Mikel; Oujja, Mohamed
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 114, Issue 22
Heat capacity signature of frustrated trimerons in magnetite
journal, July 2020
- Sahling, S.; Lorenzo, J. E.; Remenyi, G.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Physical Theory of Ferromagnetic Domains
journal, August 1950
- McKeehan, L. W.
- Physical Review, Vol. 79, Issue 4
Micromagnetism in (001) magnetite by spin-polarized low-energy electron microscopy
text, January 2013
- de la Figuera, Juan; Vergara, Lucía; N'Diaye, Alpha T.
- arXiv
Real Space Imaging of the Verwey Transition at the (100) Surface of Magnetite
text, January 2013
- de la Figuera, Juan; Novotny, Zbynek; Setvin, Martin
- arXiv
Insight into Magnetite’s Redox Catalysis from Observing Surface Morphology during Oxidation
journal, June 2013
- Nie, Shu; Starodub, Elena; Monti, Matteo
- Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 135, Issue 27
Temperature dependence of magnetic domains in magnetite crystals
journal, May 1988
- Heider, Franz; Halgedahl, Susan L.; Dunlop, David J.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 5
Mechanism of Oxidation of Magnetite to γ-Fe2O3
journal, March 1968
- Gallagher, K. J.; Feitknecht, W.; Mannweiler, U.
- Nature, Vol. 217, Issue 5134
Mechanism of Low Temperature Oxidation of Magnetites
journal, September 1968
- Colombo, U.; Fagherazzi, G.; Gazzarrini, F.
- Nature, Vol. 219, Issue 5158
Coercive force of single crystals of magnetite at low temperatures
journal, May 2000
- Ozdemir, O.
- Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 141, Issue 2
Review of the low-temperature magnetic properties of magnetite from a rock magnetic perspective
journal, January 2000
- Muxworthy, A. R.; McClelland, E.
- Geophysical Journal International, Vol. 140, Issue 1
Magnetic imaging with spin-polarized low-energy electron microscopy
journal, April 2010
- Rougemaille, N.; Schmid, A. K.
- The European Physical Journal Applied Physics, Vol. 50, Issue 2
Current understanding of low temperature phase transition of magnetite, particularly in relation to the behavior of magnetocrystalline anisotropy
conference, January 1976
- Chikazumi, Sōshin
- AIP Conference Proceedings
Room temperature in-plane ⟨100⟩ magnetic easy axis for Fe 3 O 4 /SrTiO 3 (001):Nb grown by infrared pulsed laser deposition
journal, December 2013
- Monti, Matteo; Sanz, Mikel; Oujja, Mohamed
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 114, Issue 22
Ferrimagnetic/ferroelastic domain interactions in magnetite below the Verwey transition. Part I: electron holography and Lorentz microscopy
journal, January 2013
- Kasama, Takeshi; Harrison, Richard J.; Church, Nathan S.
- Phase Transitions, Vol. 86, Issue 1
Noble metal capping effects on the spin-reorientation transitions of Co/Ru(0001)
journal, July 2008
- El Gabaly, Farid; McCarty, Kevin F.; Schmid, Andreas K.
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 7
Ferromagnetic Resonance Absorption in Magnetite Single Crystals
journal, May 1950
- Bickford, L. R.
- Physical Review, Vol. 78, Issue 4
Cubic magnetic anisotropy of nonstoichiometric magnetite
journal, September 1992
- Aragón, Ricardo
- Physical Review B, Vol. 46, Issue 9
Imaging Spin-Reorientation Transitions in Consecutive Atomic Co Layers on Ru(0001)
journal, April 2006
- El Gabaly, Farid; Gallego, Silvia; Muñoz, Carmen
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 14
A new surface microscope for magnetic imaging
journal, January 1994
- Grzelakowski, K.; Duden, T.; Bauer, E.
- IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 30, Issue 6
The design and verification of Mumax3
text, January 2014
- Vansteenkiste, Arne; Leliaert, Jonathan; Dvornik, Mykola
- arXiv
Subsurface Cation Vacancy Stabilization of the Magnetite (001) Surface
text, January 2018
- Bliem, R.; McDermott, E.; Ferstl, P.
- arXiv
Works referencing / citing this record:
Magnetite and the Verwey transition, from γ-rays to low-energy electrons
journal, May 2019
- de la Figuera, Juan; Marco, José F.
- Hyperfine Interactions, Vol. 240, Issue 1
Coherent X-ray spectroscopy reveals the persistence of island arrangements during layer-by-layer growth
journal, March 2019
- Ju, Guangxu; Xu, Dongwei; Highland, Matthew J.
- Nature Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 6
Evidence of anomalous switching of the in-plane magnetic easy axis with temperature in Fe 3 O 4 film on SrTiO 3 :Nb by v-MOKE and ferromagnetic resonance
journal, January 2019
- Cuñado, José Luis Fdez.; Camarero, Julio; Pedrosa, Francisco J.
- Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 42