skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Toward DNA-Based T-Cell Mediated Vaccines to Target HIV-1 and Hepatitis C Virus: Approaches to Elicit Localized Immunity for Protection

Journal Article · · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [1];  [1]
  1. Univ. of Adelaide, SA (Australia). Basil Hetzel Inst. for Translational Health Research, Virology Lab.
  2. Australian National Univ., Canberra, ACT (Australia)
  3. Univ. of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW (Australia)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major contributors to the global disease burden with many experts recognizing the requirement of an effective vaccine to bring a durable end to these viral epidemics. The most promising vaccine candidates that have advanced into pre-clinical models and the clinic to eliminate or provide protection against these chronic viruses are viral vectors [e.g., recombinant cytomegalovirus, Adenovirus, and modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)]. This raises the question, is there a need to develop DNA vaccines against HIV-1 and HCV? Since the initial study from Wolff and colleagues which showed that DNA represents a vector that can be used to express transgenes durably in vivo, DNA has been regularly evaluated as a vaccine vector albeit with limited success in large animal models and humans. However, several recent studies in Phase I-IIb trials showed that vaccination of patients with recombinant DNA represents a feasible therapeutic intervention to even cure cervical cancer, highlighting the potential of using DNA for human vaccinations. In this review, we will discuss the limitations and the strategies of using DNA as a vector to develop prophylactic T cell-mediated vaccines against HIV-1 and HCV. In particular, we focus on potential strategies exploiting DNA vectors to elicit protective localized CD8+ T cell immunity in the liver for HCV and in the cervicovaginal mucosa for HIV-1 as localized immunity will be an important, if not critical component, of an efficacious vaccine against these viral infections.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1560575
Journal Information:
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol. 9, Issue APR; ISSN 2235-2988
Publisher:
Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 5 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (97)

Identification of a Novel Hepatitis C Virus Genotype From Punjab, India: Expanding Classification of Hepatitis C Virus Into 8 Genotypes journal June 2018
Reduced Plasmodium berghei sporozoite liver load associates with low protective efficacy after intradermal immunization journal November 2012
A Multiantigenic DNA Vaccine That Induces Broad Hepatitis C Virus-Specific T-Cell Responses in Mice journal May 2015
Sensing and alarm function of resident memory CD8+ T cells journal March 2013
The Chemokine Receptor CXCR6 Is Required for the Maintenance of Liver Memory CD8+ T Cells Specific for Infectious Pathogens journal May 2014
Adenovirus vector-based prime-boost vaccination via heterologous routes induces cervicovaginal CD8 + T cell responses against HPV16 oncoproteins : Ad vector-based prime-boost vaccination journal December 2017
Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota Is Associated with HIV Disease Progression and Tryptophan Catabolism journal July 2013
Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies to HIV and Their Role in Vaccine Design journal May 2016
Prime and target immunization protects against liver-stage malaria in mice journal September 2018
Tissue-resident memory T cells: local specialists in immune defence journal December 2015
A novel challenge model to evaluate the efficacy of hepatitis C virus vaccines in mice journal June 2014
Therapeutic DNA Vaccination Using In Vivo Electroporation Followed by Standard of Care Therapy in Patients With Genotype 1 Chronic Hepatitis C journal September 2013
Antigen expression level threshold tunes the fate of CD8 T cells during primary hepatic immune responses journal June 2014
DNA immunization using a non-viral promoter journal January 2006
Approaches, Progress, and Challenges to Hepatitis C Vaccine Development journal January 2019
HIV-1 Group M Conserved Elements Vaccine journal January 2007
CD8+ T Cell Activation Leads to Constitutive Formation of Liver Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells that Seed a Large and Flexible Niche in the Liver journal October 2018
Vaccines that stimulate T cell immunity to HIV-1: the next step journal March 2014
Memory T cells in nonlymphoid tissue that provide enhanced local immunity during infection with herpes simplex virus journal March 2009
Prospects for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against the hepatitis C viruses: HCV vaccines journal December 2010
Preferential Localization of Effector Memory Cells in Nonlymphoid Tissue journal March 2001
Spontaneous Recovery in Acute Human Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Functional T-Cell Thresholds and Relative Importance of CD4 Help journal November 2007
Optimization and delivery of plasmid DNA for vaccination journal December 2006
Tissue resident memory T cells and viral immunity journal February 2017
HIV Vaccine Research: The Challenge and the Way Forward journal January 2015
Polyfunctional HIV-Specific Antibody Responses Are Associated with Spontaneous HIV Control journal January 2016
Human adenovirus-specific T cells modulate HIV-specific T cell responses to an Ad5-vectored HIV-1 vaccine journal January 2012
Intradermal delivery of DNA encoding HCV NS3 and perforin elicits robust cell-mediated immunity in mice and pigs journal October 2015
Sequential Bottlenecks Drive Viral Evolution in Early Acute Hepatitis C Virus Infection journal September 2011
Vaccine protection against Zika virus from Brazil journal June 2016
Hepatitis C Virus Reinfection and Spontaneous Clearance of Reinfection—the InC 3 Study journal April 2015
A Novel Vaccine Strategy Employing Serologically Different Chimpanzee Adenoviral Vectors for the Prevention of HIV-1 and HCV Coinfection journal January 2019
Strong HCV NS3/4a, NS4b, NS5a, NS5b-specific cellular immune responses induced in Rhesus macaques by a novel HCV genotype 1a/1b consensus DNA vaccine journal June 2014
Intravaginal immunization with HPV vectors induces tissue-resident CD8+ T cell responses journal November 2012
Ad26/MVA therapeutic vaccination with TLR7 stimulation in SIV-infected rhesus monkeys journal November 2016
Liver sampling: a vital window into HBV pathogenesis on the path to functional cure journal January 2018
Direct anti-HCV agents journal January 2016
Recent update in HIV vaccine development journal January 2016
Longitudinal Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1‐Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Responses: A Predominant Gag‐Specific Response Is Associated with Nonprogressive Infection
  • Pontesilli, Oscar; Klein, Michèl R.; Kerkhof‐Garde, Susana R.
  • The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 178, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1086/515659
journal October 1998
Durability and correlates of vaccine protection against Zika virus in rhesus monkeys journal December 2017
Current status and prospects of HIV treatment journal June 2016
First Human Trial of a DNA-Based Vaccine for Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection: Safety and Host Response journal July 1998
A vaccine strategy that protects against genital herpes by establishing local memory T cells journal October 2012
Clinical Applications of DNA Vaccines: Current Progress journal July 2011
Long-term follow up of human T-cell responses to conserved HIV-1 regions elicited by DNA/simian adenovirus/MVA vaccine regimens journal July 2017
Intravital mucosal imaging of CD8+ resident memory T cells shows tissue-autonomous recall responses that amplify secondary memory journal January 2018
Delivery methods to increase cellular uptake and immunogenicity of DNA vaccines journal November 2016
Local proliferation maintains a stable pool of tissue-resident memory T cells after antiviral recall responses journal January 2018
Broadly neutralizing antibodies with few somatic mutations and hepatitis C virus clearance journal May 2017
The Potential Impact of a Hepatitis C Vaccine for People Who Inject Drugs: Is a Vaccine Needed in the Age of Direct-Acting Antivirals? journal May 2016
Safety and Immunogenicity of an Anti–Zika Virus DNA Vaccine — Preliminary Report journal October 2017
Protective efficacy of adenovirus/protein vaccines against SIV challenges in rhesus monkeys journal July 2015
Long-lived epithelial immunity by tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells in the absence of persisting local antigen presentation journal April 2012
Induction of Genotype Cross-Reactive, Hepatitis C Virus-Specific, Cell-Mediated Immunity in DNA-Vaccinated Mice journal February 2018
Safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of VGX-3100, a therapeutic synthetic DNA vaccine targeting human papillomavirus 16 and 18 E6 and E7 proteins for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial journal November 2015
Codon Optimization Effect on Translational Efficiency of DNA Vaccine in Mammalian Cells: Analysis of Plasmid DNA Encoding a CTL Epitope Derived from Microorganisms journal August 1999
A Phase IIA Randomized Clinical Trial of a Multiclade HIV-1 DNA Prime Followed by a Multiclade rAd5 HIV-1 Vaccine Boost in Healthy Adults (HVTN204) journal August 2011
Dynamic T cell migration program provides resident memory within intestinal epithelium journal February 2010
HIV controllers exhibit potent CD8 T cell capacity to suppress HIV infection ex vivo and peculiar cytotoxic T lymphocyte activation phenotype journal April 2007
Multiple factors affect immunogenicity of DNA plasmid HIV vaccines in human clinical trials journal May 2015
A prophylactic hepatitis C virus vaccine: A distant peak still worth climbing journal November 2014
Broad and potent immune responses to a low dose intradermal HIV-1 DNA boosted with HIV-1 recombinant MVA among healthy adults in Tanzania journal October 2011
Topical Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV-2) Vaccination with Human Papillomavirus Vectors Expressing gB/gD Ectodomains Induces Genital-Tissue-Resident Memory CD8 + T Cells and Reduces Genital Disease and Viral Shedding after HSV-2 Challenge journal October 2014
Cutting Edge: Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells Generated by Multiple Immunizations or Localized Deposition Provide Enhanced Immunity journal February 2017
Hepatitis C virus clearance, reinfection, and persistence, with insights from studies of injecting drug users: towards a vaccine journal May 2012
Profound early control of highly pathogenic SIV by an effector memory T-cell vaccine journal May 2011
A Phase 1/2 Study of a Multiclade HIV‐1 DNA Plasmid Prime and Recombinant Adenovirus Serotype 5 Boost Vaccine in HIV‐Uninfected East Africans (RV 172) journal February 2010
Partial efficacy of a broadly neutralizing antibody against cell-associated SHIV infection journal August 2017
Fine needle aspirates comprehensively sample intrahepatic immunity journal November 2018
Safety and Tolerability of Conserved Region Vaccines Vectored by Plasmid DNA, Simian Adenovirus and Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Administered to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Uninfected Adults in a Randomized, Single-Blind Phase I Trial journal July 2014
Bottlenecks in HIV-1 transmission: insights from the study of founder viruses journal June 2015
Mechanism of Liver Gene Transfer by Mechanical Massage journal March 2004
Prime-and-Trap Malaria Vaccination To Generate Protective CD8 + Liver-Resident Memory T Cells journal August 2018
Live Attenuated Malaria Vaccine Designed to Protect Through Hepatic CD8+ T Cell Immunity journal September 2011
Liver-Resident Memory CD8 + T Cells Form a Front-Line Defense against Malaria Liver-Stage Infection journal October 2016
Intravaginal HPV DNA vaccination with electroporation induces local CD8+ T-cell immune responses and antitumor effects against cervicovaginal tumors journal March 2015
A HIV-Tat/C4-binding protein chimera encoded by a DNA vaccine is highly immunogenic and contains acute EcoHIV infection in mice journal June 2016
Clearance of persistent HPV infection and cervical lesion by therapeutic DNA vaccine in CIN3 patients journal October 2014
T-cell responses induced in normal volunteers immunized with a DNA-based vaccine containing HIV-1 env and rev journal January 2002
A human vaccine strategy based on chimpanzee adenoviral and MVA vectors that primes, boosts, and sustains functional HCV-specific T cell memory journal November 2014
A Systematic Review: The Role of Resident Memory T Cells in Infectious Diseases and Their Relevance for Vaccine Development journal July 2018
Role for CXCR6 in Recruitment of Activated CD8 + Lymphocytes to Inflamed Liver journal December 2004
IL-2 high tissue-resident T cells in the human liver: Sentinels for hepatotropic infection journal May 2017
Protection against malaria at 1 year and immune correlates following PfSPZ vaccination journal May 2016
Clearance of hepatitis C infection is associated with the early appearance of broad neutralizing antibody responses: Hepatology journal April 2014
Liver-Resident Memory CD8+ T Cells Form a Front-Line Defense against Malaria Liver-Stage Infection journal October 2019
Reduced Plasmodium berghei sporozoite liver load associates with low protective efficacy after intradermal immunization journal August 2012
Bottlenecks in HIV-1 transmission: insights from the study of founder viruses text January 2015
Towards therapeutic vaccination against cervical precancer? journal November 2015
Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of two Zika virus DNA vaccine candidates in healthy adults: randomised, open-label, phase 1 clinical trials journal February 2018
Evaluation of a mosaic HIV-1 vaccine in a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2a clinical trial (APPROACH) and in rhesus monkeys (NHP 13-19) journal July 2018
Vaccination with DNA containing tat coding sequences and unmethylated CpG motifs protects cynomolgus monkeys upon infection with simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV89.6P) journal April 2001
DNA vaccination followed by macromolecular multicomponent peptide vaccination against HIV-1 induces strong antigen-specific immunity journal July 1997
Prevalence and burden of HCV co-infection in people living with HIV: a global systematic review and meta-analysis journal July 2016
Trials and Tribble-ations of tissue TRM cells journal January 2018
Immune-Correlates Analysis of an HIV-1 Vaccine Efficacy Trial journal April 2012
Safety and Immunogenicity of a Gag-Pol Candidate HIV-1 DNA Vaccine Administered by a Needle-Free Device in HIV-1-Seronegative Subjects journal January 2007

Figures / Tables (1)